Pulmonary cryptococcosis after immunomodulator treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease: Three case reports

Figure 1 Imaging and pathologic findings of case 1. A: Chest computed tomography scan showing multiple nodules in bilateral lobes and a large one in the left upper lobe; B: Hematoxylin-eosin staining showing focal granuloma formation in alveolar tissues; C: Periodic acid-silver methenamine staining showing suspicious positive organisms.

Figure 2 Imaging findings of case 2. A: Chest computed tomography (CT) scan before fluconazole treatment showing patchy lesions in the right upper lobe and right interlobar fissure and multiple nodules in bilateral lobes; B: Chest CT scan showing lesion absorption 6 mo after initiation of anti-fungal therapy.

Figure 3 Imaging and pathologic findings of case 3. A: Chest computed tomography scan showing nodules in the posterior segment of right upper lobe; B and C: Periodic acid-Schiff and periodic acid-silver methenamine staining showing positive organisms (white arrows).

Figure 4 Clinical courses of the three cases. A: Case 1; B: Case 2; C: Case 3. CD: Crohn’s disease; IFX: Infliximab; FLCZ: Fluconazole; MP: Methylprednisolone.