Effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide in the nucleus tractus solitarius on gastric motility in rats

Figure 1 Co-expression of cystathionine beta-synthase (green) and c-Fos (red) neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius at different times of restraint water-immersion stress. A: Expression of cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) and c-Fos in restraint water-immersion stress (RWIS) at 0 h; B: Expressions of CBS and c-Fos in RWIS at 1 h; C: Expression of CBS and c-Fos in RWIS at 3 h; D: Quantification of neurons co-expressing CBS and c-Fos in the nucleus tractus solitarius (n = 6). ^aP < 0.01 vs RWIS 0 h group. NTS: Nucleus tractus solitarius; RWIS: Restraint water-immersion stress; CBS: Cystathionine beta-synthase.

Figure 2 Histological identification of microinjections located at the nucleus tractus solitarius in the brain. A: Location of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the brain atlas; B: Neutral red stained brain section with blue dot sites representing injection into the NTS. NTS: Nucleus tractus solitarius.

Figure 3 Effect of microinjection of drugs in the nucleus tractus solitarius on gastric motility in rats. A: Gastric motility curves were recorded in rats microinjected with saline at the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS); B: Gastric motility curves were recorded in rats microinjected with 4 nmol NaHS in the NTS; C: Gastric motility curves were recorded in rats microinjected with 8 nmol NaHS in the NTS. PS: Physiological saline.

Figure 4 Effects of the microinjection of NaHS (4 nmol and 8 nmol) and physiological saline into the nucleus tractus solitarius before and after the gastric motility data. A: Total amplitude of the contraction wave (T.A.C.W.); B: Total duration of the contraction wave (T.D.C.W.); C: Gastric motility index (G.M.I.); D: Inhibition rates of T.A.C.W., T.D.C.W., and G.M.I. ^aP < 0.01 vs before injection. PS: Physiological saline; T.A.C.W.: Total amplitude of the contraction wave; T.D.C.W.: Total duration of the contraction wave; G.M.I.: Gastric motility index.

Figure 5 Effect of microinjection of 4 nmol NaHS and 4 nmol NaHS + pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate into the nucleus tractus solitarius on gastric motility in rats. A: Gastric motility curve recorded in rats with 4 nmol NaHS + pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate microinjection in nucleus tractus solitarius; B: Data of total amplitude of the contraction wave; C: Data of total duration of the contraction wave; D: Data of gastric motility index. ^aP < 0.01 vs before injection. PDTC: Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; T.A.C.W.: Total amplitude of the contraction wave; T.D.C.W.: Total duration of the contraction wave.

Figure 6 Effects of microinjection of 4 nmol NaHS and 4 nmol NaHS + Capsazepine into the nucleus tractus solitarius on gastric motility in rats. A: Gastric motility curve recorded in rats with 4 nmol NaHS + Capsazepine microinjection in nucleus tractus solitarius; B: Data of total amplitude of the contraction wave; C: Data of total duration of the contraction wave; D: Data of gastric motility index. ^aP < 0.01 vs before injection. T.A.C.W.: Total amplitude of the contraction wave; T.D.C.W.: Total duration of the contraction wave.

Figure 7 Effects of microinjection of 4 nmol NaHS and 4 nmol NaHS + L703606 into the nucleus tractus solitarius on gastric motility in rats. A: Gastric motility curve recorded in rats with 4 nmol NaHS + L703606 microinjection in nucleus tractus solitarius; B: Data of total amplitude of the contraction wave; C: Data of total duration of the contraction wave; D: Data of gastric motility index. ^aP < 0.01 vs before injection. T.A.C.W.: Total amplitude of the contraction wave; T.D.C.W.: Total duration of the contraction wave.