Four-year experience with more than 1000 cases of total laparoscopic liver resection in a single center

Figure 1 Hepatic inflow occlusion methods. A: Trocar position; B: Extracorporeal intermittent pringle maneuver; C: Anatomical continuous hemihepatic vascular inflow occlusion (CHVIO; intro-Glissonian methods); D and E: Extra-Glissonian CHVIO.

Figure 2 The details of different types of liver resection at the center. ALPPS: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy.

Figure 3 Liver function and drainage trends in the perioperative period (^bP < 0. 01). A: Alanine transaminase before and after laparoscopic liver resection (LLR); B: Aspartate aminotransferase before and after LLR; C: Total bilirubin before and after LLR; D: Albumin before and after LLR; E: Drainage before and after LLR. ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection; ALB: Albumin; TBL: Total bilirubin; POD: Postoperative day.

Figure 4 The learning curves for different types of laparoscopic liver resection. A: The learning curve for local resection; B: The learning curve for anatomical resection; C: The learning curve for right hemihepatectomy.

Figure 5 Survival rates of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. A: Overall survival rates; B: Disease-free survival rates. LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection.