Antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect of 10 medicinal herbs on CCl4-induced liver injury in mice

Figure 1 Effects of ten herbs on serum biomarkers (n = 8). A: Alanine transaminase ; B: Aspartate transaminase; C: Alkaline phosphatase; D: Total bilirubin; E: Triglyceride. The values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs control; ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01 vs model; ^eP < 0.05, ^fP < 0.01 vs bifendate. ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; TG: Triglyceride; CTL: Control; MDL: Model; BIF: Bifendate; AS: Acanthopanax senticosus; AV: Amomum villosum; AK: Amomum kravanh; AC: Artemisia capillaris; CH: Cimicifuga heracleifolia; CC: Coptis chinensis; GU: Glycyrrhiza uralensis; PF: Pueraria lobata flower; PR: Pueraria lobata root; SO: Sanguisorba officinalis.

Figure 2 Effects of ten herbs on hepatic antioxidant enzymes, glutathione, and malondialdehyde (n = 8). A: Superoxide dismutase; B: Catalase; C: Glutathione; D: Malondialdehyde. The values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs control; ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01 vs model; ^eP < 0.05, ^fP < 0.01 vs bifendate. SOD: Superoxide dismutase; CAT: Catalase; GSH: Glutathione; MDA: Malondialdehyde; CTL: Control; MDL: Model; BIF: Bifendate; AS: Acanthopanax senticosus; AV: Amomum villosum; AK: Amomum kravanh; AC: Artemisia capillaris; CH: Cimicifuga heracleifolia; CC: Coptis chinensis; GU: Glycyrrhiza uralensis; PF: Pueraria lobata flower; PR: Pueraria lobata root; SO: Sanguisorba officinalis.

Figure 3 Histopathological findings showing the effects of ten tested materials on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury (200 × and 400 × magnification) (n = 8). A: Control; B: carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) model; C: Bifendate + CCl₄; D: Coptis chinensis + CCl₄; E: Pueraria lobata root + CCl₄; F: Sanguisorba officinalis + CCl₄. Scale bar, 50 μm in 400×; Box, necrotic area; arrow, inflammatory cell. CCl₄: Carbon tetrachloride.

Figure 4 Dendrogram using average linkage (between groups) from systematic cluster analysis of ten medicinal herbs.

Figure 5 Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of Sanguisorba officinalis decoction.