Percutaneous intraductal radiofrequency ablation for treatment of biliary stent occlusion: A preliminary result

Figure 1 The Habib EndoHPB bipolar radiofrequency ablation catheter with two bare metal electrodes 8 mm apart and the catheter head located 5 mm from the distal electrode.

Figure 2 Images for a 53-year-old female with carcinoma of the pancreatic head and a biliary stent implanted to treat obstructive jaundice 3. 5 mo prior to this study for obstructive jaundice. An enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan showing bile duct obstruction (A); CT coronal reconstruction clearly showing stent obstruction (B); cholangiography revealing the complete obstruction of the biliary stent (C), the intraductal radiofrequency (RF) catheter in the position of obstruction (D), and internal and external drainage tube after RF (E); angiography indicating stent patency after procedure (F).

Figure 3 Stent patency trends after procedure.

Figure 4 Luminal diameters before and after the procedure.