Combined glucocorticoid and antiviral therapy of hepatitis B virus-related liver failure

Figure 1 Acute hepatitis B virus infection. Levels of alanine amino transferase in IU/L (green points), International normalized ratio (red points), Factor V in % (grey points) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) viremia in IU/mL (blue bars) are shown in the time frame of acute HBV infection. Additional prednisolone therapy was started at the indicated time point. ^aHBV-DNA-levels under detection limit.

Figure 2 Hepatitis B virus reactivation after chemotherapy. Levels of alanine amino transferase in IU/L (green points), International normalized ratio (red points) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) viremia in IU/mL (blue bars) are shown in the case of HBV reactivation after rituximab and bendamustin chemotherapy (2A) and HBV reactivation after R-CHOP therapy and after early cessation of pre-emptive tenofovir therapy (2B). Additional prednisolone therapy was started at the indicated time points.

Figure 3 Ultrasound images of patient N. 2B before (A) and after (B) combined glucocorticoid and entecavir/tenofovir therapy. Liver diameters are documented in the midclavicular line: 15.8 cm x 16.4 cm, hepatomegaly (A) and 11.5 cm x 12.9 cm (B). Additional finding: 1 cm hemangioma.