Hepatitis C virus-associated neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders: Advances in 2015

Figure 1 Summary of major extra-hepatic manifestations observed in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Percentages of patients are represented in graphic form. The presence or absence of cryoglobulinemia is indicated by white and black, respectively. The most convincing associations of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are with subsets of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), membranous or membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis, IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), peripheral neuropathy, and central nervous system (CNS) disorders.

Figure 2 Quantification and localization of brain metabolite concentrations in hepatitis C virus patients exhibiting neuropsychological and neurocognitive dysfunction. The regional distribution of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H MRS) abnormalities suggests that only cortical and subcortical telencephalic areas, but not the thalamus or posterior fossa structures, are involved in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HCV-AND).