Role of 3DCT in laparoscopic total gastrectomy with spleen-preserving splenic lymph node dissection

Figure 1 Left gastroepiploic vessels are vascularised at the origin.

Figure 2 Short gastric vessels are freed, clamped, and cut at the origin.

Figure 3 Lymphatic fatty tissues behind the splenic hilum are dissected.

Figure 4 Fatty tissues, including the splenic lymph nodes, are en-bloc removed from the splenic hilum.

Figure 5 A single-lobe splenic vessel. A: Preoperative assessment of the splenic vascular anatomy using computed tomography with 3D imaging images; B: Operative view after the completion of splenic lymph node dissection.

Figure 6 Two-lobe splenic vessels. A: Preoperative assessment of the splenic vascular anatomy using computed tomography with 3D imaging images; B: Operative view after the completion of splenic lymph node dissection.

Figure 7 Three-lobe splenic vessels. A: Preoperative assessment of the splenic vascular anatomy using computed tomography with 3D imaging images; B: Operative view after the completion of splenic lymph node dissection.