Role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

Figure 1 Oncoprotein cytotoxin-associated gene A is involved in the gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma development. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; CagA: Cytotoxin-associated gene A; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; Erk1/2: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2.

Figure 2 Cytotoxin-associated gene A deregulates intracellular signaling pathways in tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and -independent manners to initiate lymphomagenesis. CagA: Cytotoxin-associated gene A; Erk1/2: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2; MALT: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; SHP-2: Protein-tyrosine phosphatase-2.