Immunostaining of PD-1/PD-Ls in liver tissues of patients with hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 1 Immunohistochemical staining of liver tissues from patients with hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma for programmed death-1, programmed death-L1, and programmed death-L2. A-C: Programmed death (PD)-1 (A), PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) (B), and PD-L2 (C) expression in liver tissues with hepatitis; D-I: PD-1 (D and G), PD-L1 (E and H), and PD-L2 (F and I) expression in liver tissues with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); D-F: Peritumoral region; G-I: Intratumoral region. A, D and G: PD-1 was expressed on the membrane of infiltrated lymphocytes in liver tissues with hepatitis and HCC; B, E and H: PD-L1 was expressed on the membrane of hepatic cells and/or tumor cells in liver tissues with hepatitis and HCC; C, F and I: PD-L2 was expressed on the membrane of hepatic cells and/or tumor cells in liver tissues with hepatitis and HCC. Solid arrows indicate PD-L1+ tumor cells, and dashed arrows indicate PD-L2+ tumor cells. Magnification 200 ×.

Figure 2 Expression of CD3 and programmed death-1 on regular liver sections from a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Serial sections were prepared from the same liver sample of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma; CD3 and programmed death (PD)-1 were stained on these serial sections. CD3 was expressed on the membrane of liver-infiltrating lymphocytes, and the expression of PD-1 had a similar pattern to that of CD3, indicating PD-1 was also expressed on liver-infiltrating lymphocytes. A: PD-1; B: CD3.

Figure 3 Immunohistochemical staining of liver tissues from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for FoxP3. FoxP3 was expressed in liver-infiltrating lymphocytes in liver tissues with hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver infiltrating lymphocytes were mainly FoxP3 positive. A: Intratumoral region; B: Peritumoral region.