Interleukin-12 and Th1 immune response in Crohn’s disease: Pathogenetic relevance and therapeutic inplication

Figure 1 Some putative mechanisms implicated in the induction and expansion of Th1 cells in the gut of patients with Crohn’s disease. Cytokines produced by antigen presenting cells, such as IL-23 and IL-12, promote the differentiation of Th1 cells. The expansion and mucosal accumulation of this cell subtype are then sustained by additional molecules, such as IL-18, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21 and TL1A.