IFN-γ increases efficiency of DNA vaccine in protecting ducks against infection

Figure 1 Titration of recombinant DuIFN-g by MTT (A) and neutralization of antiviral activity by anti-DuIFN-g (B).

Figure 2 Morphology of normal duck fibroblasts (A) and cytopathic effect (CPE) of duck fibroblasts when infected with VSV (B).

Figure 3 Effects of recombinant DuIFN-g on release of DHBV DNA from LMH-D2 cells.

Figure 4 Detection of DuIFN-g mRNA of PBMCs from ducks after immunization.

Figure 5 Anti-DHBpreS antibody responses following DNA immunization of DHBV-free ducks.

Figure 6 Exclusion of DHBV from bloodstream in DNA-vaccinated ducks following challenge with viruses.

Figure 7 Detection of DHBV cccDNA in ducks’ liver tissues after being challenged with high dose of DHBV. S: Full length fragment of DHBV genome, 3.0 kb. P: Positive control ducks infected DHBV.