Recent advances and challenges in colorectal cancer: From molecular research to treatment

doi:10.3748/wjg.v31.i21.106964

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Jun 7, 2025; 31(21): 106964
Published online Jun 7, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i21.106964

Recent advances and challenges in colorectal cancer: From molecular research to treatment

Gao-Xiu Qi, Rui-Xia Zhao, Chen Gao, Zeng-Yan Ma, Shang Wang, Jing Xu

Gao-Xiu Qi, Rui-Xia Zhao, Chen Gao, Zeng-Yan Ma, Jing Xu, Department of Pathology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao 266042, Shandong Province, China

Shang Wang, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China

Author contributions: Qi GX drafted the manuscript; Zhao RX and Gao C designed the outline; Ma ZY and Wang S reviewed the literature; Xu J revised the article for important intellectual content and was involved in the final approval of the version to be published; and all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Supported by the National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, No. PT-2024-0303; and Qingdao Medical and Health Research Guidance Project, No. 2023-WJZD202.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Jing Xu, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Pathology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), No. 127 Siliu South Road, Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, Shandong Province, China. katherine_xu@163.com

Received: March 12, 2025
Revised: April 22, 2025
Accepted: May 26, 2025
Published online: June 7, 2025
Processing time: 86 Days and 15.6 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: This study highlights recent advances and challenges in colorectal cancer from molecular research to treatment. Advances in genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics have significantly enhanced our understanding of colorectal cancer’s molecular mechanisms, driving targeted therapies and immunotherapies. However, tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance remain major hurdles. Artificial intelligence and organoid technology offer new opportunities.