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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 14, 2024; 30(2): 128-136
Published online Jan 14, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i2.128
Hepatocardiorenal syndrome in liver cirrhosis: Recognition of a new entity?
Henry H L Wu, Amina Rakisheva, Arvind Ponnusamy, Rajkumar Chinnadurai
Henry H L Wu, Renal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital & The University of Sydney, St. Leonards (Sydney) 2065, New South Wales, Australia
Amina Rakisheva, Department of Cardiology, City Cardiological Center, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Arvind Ponnusamy, Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston PR2 9HT, United Kingdom
Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Donal O’Donoghue Renal Research Centre & Department of Renal Medicine, Northern Care Alliance National Health Service Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Wu HHL and Chinnadurai R designed the outline and coordinated the writing of the paper; Wu HHL performed majority of the writing; Chinnadurai R prepared the figures and tables; Rakisheva A and Ponnusamy A provided review of the draft versions of the paper prior to submission of the final version; and all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Henry H L Wu, MBChB, Academic Editor, Academic Fellow, Doctor, Honorary Research Fellow, Renal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital & The University of Sydney, Reserve Road, St. Leonards (Sydney) 2065, New South Wales, Australia. henrywu96@yahoo.com
Received: November 6, 2023
Peer-review started: November 6, 2023
First decision: November 30, 2023
Revised: December 5, 2023
Accepted: December 28, 2023
Article in press: December 28, 2023
Published online: January 14, 2024
Processing time: 66 Days and 20.8 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: There is emerging evidence to suggest that the heart plays an important role in advanced liver disease and contributes significantly to hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) progression. It is now increasingly agreed upon that circulatory dysfunction in HRS is at least in part due to cardiac impairment, which can exist prior to kidney dysfunction in cirrhotic patients who develop HRS. There are numerous pathophysiological mechanisms which may co-exist in both hepatorenal and cardiorenal syndrome pathways, and treatments which ameliorate kidney dysfunction in HRS are likely to also address the mechanisms which lie within this intricate hepatocardiorenal syndrome entity that is being postulated.