Hepatocellular carcinoma and musculoskeletal system: A narrative literature review

doi:10.3748/wjg.v30.i15.2109

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Apr 21, 2024; 30(15): 2109-2117
Published online Apr 21, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i15.2109

Hepatocellular carcinoma and musculoskeletal system: A narrative literature review

Jelena Jadzic, Danijela Djonic

Jelena Jadzic, Danijela Djonic, Center of Bone Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia

Author contributions: Jadzic J conceptualized the study, wrote the initial draft, and conducted the visualization; Jadzic J and Djonic D acquired the data; Djonic D reviewed and edited the manuscript; and all authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Supported by the Ministry of Science of the Republic of Serbia, No. 451-03-1524/2023-04/18; and the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia (IDEAS Program), No. 7749444, BoFraM Project.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Danijela Djonic, MD, PhD, Professor, Center of Bone Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotic 4/2, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. ddjonic@yahoo.com

Received: January 4, 2024
Peer-review started: January 4, 2024
First decision: January 27, 2024
Revised: February 7, 2024
Accepted: March 26, 2024
Article in press: March 26, 2024
Published online: April 21, 2024
Processing time: 105 Days and 21.8 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Musculoskeletal alterations have a powerful detrimental effect on the quality of life and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The causes of HCC-induced musculoskeletal decline are complex and not yet fully understood. The biggest challenge in diagnosing HCC-related musculoskeletal changes is timely and effective diagnosis, as these alterations are often asymptomatic and may not be obvious during routine clinical evaluations. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach to the clinical management of musculoskeletal alterations is essential in patients with HCC.