Sharma S, Singh N, Turk AA, Wan I, Guttikonda A, Dong JL, Zhang X, Opyrchal M. Molecular insights into clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer: Unravelling challenges and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(13): 1815-1835 [PMID: 38659481 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i13.1815]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Samantha Sharma, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W Walnut St, R3.C260, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States. samshar@iu.edu
Research Domain of This Article
Oncology
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 7, 2024; 30(13): 1815-1835 Published online Apr 7, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i13.1815
Molecular insights into clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer: Unravelling challenges and future directions
Samantha Sharma, Naresh Singh, Anita Ahmed Turk, Isabella Wan, Akshay Guttikonda, Julia Lily Dong, Xinna Zhang, Mateusz Opyrchal
Samantha Sharma, Naresh Singh, Isabella Wan, Akshay Guttikonda, Julia Lily Dong, Xinna Zhang, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
Anita Ahmed Turk, Mateusz Opyrchal, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
Xinna Zhang, Mateusz Opyrchal, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
Co-first authors: Samantha Sharma and Naresh Singh.
Author contributions: Sharma S and Singh N contributed equally to the study's conception, design, and wrote the manuscript as co-first authors; Turk AA offered insights into the current clinical aspects of colorectal cancer patients; Wan I, Guttikonda A, and Dong JL assisted in drafting the manuscript; Zhang X and Opyrchal M supervised the review framework as senior authors, offered valuable feedback, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript.
Supported byIU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center grant, No. 5P30CA082709-24.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Samantha Sharma, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W Walnut St, R3.C260, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States. samshar@iu.edu
Received: December 5, 2023 Peer-review started: December 5, 2023 First decision: January 27, 2024 Revised: February 22, 2024 Accepted: March 13, 2024 Article in press: March 13, 2024 Published online: April 7, 2024
Core Tip
Core Tip: Colorectal cancer (CRC) often eludes early detection, limiting the efficacy of existing chemotherapy and targeted therapies. This article delves into the realm of immune checkpoint inhibitors in CRC, dissecting their mechanisms and outcomes through a comprehensive review of clinical trials. It sheds light on the underlying rationale, challenges faced, and potential strategies to improve prognosis and trial success in this critical domain. Notably, while microsatellite instability-high CRC exhibits heightened responsiveness to checkpoint inhibitors, the article underscores potential breakthroughs in treating microsatellite stable CRC-the predominant cases-providing insights into bettering prognosis and trial outcomes in CRC treatment.
