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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 21, 2022; 28(43): 6078-6089
Published online Nov 21, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i43.6078
Published online Nov 21, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i43.6078
Kyoto classification of gastritis: Advances and future perspectives in endoscopic diagnosis of gastritis
Osamu Toyoshima, Toshihiro Nishizawa, Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan
Toshihiro Nishizawa, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, International University of Medicine and Welfare, Narita 286-8520, Japan
Author contributions: Toyoshima O and Nishizawa T contributed to this paper; Toyoshima O contributed to the design, writing of the manuscript, illustrations, and review of literature; Nishizawa T contributed to the design, discussion, and editing the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Osamu Toyoshima, MD, PhD, Director, Department of Gastr
Received: September 14, 2022
Peer-review started: September 14, 2022
First decision: October 3, 2022
Revised: October 6, 2022
Accepted: November 4, 2022
Article in press: November 4, 2022
Published online: November 21, 2022
Processing time: 62 Days and 21.7 Hours
Peer-review started: September 14, 2022
First decision: October 3, 2022
Revised: October 6, 2022
Accepted: November 4, 2022
Article in press: November 4, 2022
Published online: November 21, 2022
Processing time: 62 Days and 21.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Endoscopy-based Kyoto classification of gastritis assesses gastric cancer (GC) risk and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection status. Total Kyoto scores of 0, ≥ 2, and ≥ 4 indicate a normal stomach, H. pylori-infected gastritis, and gastritis at risk for GC, respectively. Atrophy, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and enlarged folds (EF) increase H. pylori-infected GC incidence. Map-like redness is a specific risk factor for H. pylori-eradicated GC, while regular arrangement of collecting venules result in less GC risk. Diffuse-type GC is induced by active inflammation, depicting EF, nodularity, and atrophy. Intestinal-type GC develops through atrophy and IM; however, the GC risk-scoring design still needs to be improved.