Retrospective Cohort Study
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World J Gastroenterol. May 14, 2022; 28(18): 1996-2007
Published online May 14, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i18.1996
Incidental gallbladder cancer diagnosis confers survival advantage irrespective of tumour stage and characteristics
Moath Alarabiyat, Syed Soulat Raza, John Isaac, Darius Mirza, Ravi Marudanayagam, Keith Roberts, Manuel Abradelo, David C Bartlett, Bobby V Dasari, Robert P Sutcliffe, Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias
Moath Alarabiyat, Syed Soulat Raza, John Isaac, Darius Mirza, Ravi Marudanayagam, Keith Roberts, Manuel Abradelo, David C Bartlett, Bobby V Dasari, Robert P Sutcliffe, HPB and Liver Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2GW, United Kingdom
Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias, Department of HPB and Liver Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Alarabiyat M and Raza SS are responsible for the data collection, statistical analysis, and wrote the manuscript; Alarabiyat M did the statistical analysis; Isaac J, Mirza DF, Marudanayagam R, Roberts K, Abradelo M, Bartlett DC, Dasari B, Sutcliffe BP are responsible for interpretation of data, manuscript revision and editing, approval of finalized version of the manuscript; Chatzizacharias N is responsible for developed research concept, writing, manuscript preparation, editing and review.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the departmental ethics committee.
Informed consent statement: As this was an anonymised retrospective cohort study over a period of 12 years, individual consent forms were not required based on the policy of Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the UK on ethics and research.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Data sharing statement: The original dataset is anonymized and available upon request from the corresponding author at Nikolaos.chatzizacharias@uhb.nhs.net.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias, FACS, FRCS, MD, PhD, Surgeon, Department of HPB and Liver Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Third Floor, Nuffield House, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom. chatzizacharias@gmail.com
Received: November 13, 2021
Peer-review started: November 13, 2021
First decision: January 9, 2022
Revised: January 22, 2022
Accepted: March 26, 2022
Article in press: March 26, 2022
Published online: May 14, 2022
Processing time: 179 Days and 20.6 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Data are conflicting on the role of incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) diagnosis in oncological outcomes. Some studies suggest that IGBC diagnosis does not affect outcomes, while others that overall survival (OS) is longer in these cases compared to non-incidental diagnosis (NIGBC). In our study, IGBC diagnosis conferred better OS in all patients with gallbladder cancer, as well as within the surgical and non-surgical groups. Similarly, disease free survival was significantly longer in patients with IGBC. NIGBC diagnosis was identified as an independent predictor of OS along with N stage and resection margin status.