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©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. May 14, 2021; 27(18): 2054-2072
Published online May 14, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i18.2054
Published online May 14, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i18.2054
Role of microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of esophageal mucosal disease: A paradigm shift from acid to bacteria?
Steve M D'Souza, Kevin Houston, Lauren Keenan, Byung Soo Yoo, Parth J Parekh, David A Johnson, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23502, United States
Author contributions: Johnson DA, Parekh PJ, D'Souza SM and Yoo BS contributed construction of project; all authors wrote and edited the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interests or financial disclosures relevant to this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: David A Johnson, MD, MACG, FASGE, FACP, MACP, Doctor, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 885 Kempsville Rd, Suite 114, Norfolk, VA 23502, United States.
Received: February 2, 2021
Peer-review started: February 2, 2021
First decision: February 27, 2021
Revised: March 6, 2021
Accepted: April 14, 2021
Article in press: April 14, 2021
Published online: May 14, 2021
Processing time: 96 Days and 20 Hours
Peer-review started: February 2, 2021
First decision: February 27, 2021
Revised: March 6, 2021
Accepted: April 14, 2021
Article in press: April 14, 2021
Published online: May 14, 2021
Processing time: 96 Days and 20 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: The interactions between the gut bacteria and the immune system of the host play a key role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases, including those impacting the esophagus. This evidence-based review brings forward the emerging data on the microbial changes related to esophageal disease. Better understanding of these data will lead to mitigation strategies for intervention and innovation.