Vedachalam S, Balasubramanian G, Haas GJ, Krishna SG. Treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in left ventricular assist devices: A comprehensive review. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26(20): 2550-2558 [PMID: 32523310 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i20.2550]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Somashekar G Krishna, MD, Associate Professor, Director of Clinical Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Suite 262, Columbus, OH 43210, United States. somashekar.krishna@osumc.edu
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. May 28, 2020; 26(20): 2550-2558 Published online May 28, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i20.2550
Treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in left ventricular assist devices: A comprehensive review
Srikanth Vedachalam, Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian, Garrie J Haas, Somashekar G Krishna
Srikanth Vedachalam, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus, OH 43210, United States
Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian, Somashekar G Krishna, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus, OH 43210, United States
Garrie J Haas, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus, OH 43210, United States
Author contributions: Vedachalam S and Krishna SG designed the structure of this manuscript; Vedachalam S, Krishna SG, and Balasubramanian G drafted the manuscript and contributed critical revisions to this manuscript; Haas GJ contributed critical revisions to this manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None of the authors have any conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose related to the current study.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Somashekar G Krishna, MD, Associate Professor, Director of Clinical Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Suite 262, Columbus, OH 43210, United States. somashekar.krishna@osumc.edu
Received: February 25, 2020 Peer-review started: February 25, 2020 First decision: April 22, 2020 Revised: May 2, 2020 Accepted: May 14, 2020 Article in press: May 14, 2020 Published online: May 28, 2020 Processing time: 92 Days and 17.6 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Left ventricular assist devices are becoming increasingly common as life-prolonging therapy in advanced heart failure. However, left ventricular assist devices have shown high rates of gastrointestinal bleeding with 18%-40% of patients having episodes of bleed. Arteriovenous malformations are primarily responsible, which can be both challenging to control and cause many patients to discontinue essential anti-platelet and anti-coagulation therapies. Small bowel lesions are common in this population, frequently requiring small bowel endoscopic evaluation. For refractory cases, medical management is required including octreotide, thalidomide, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, estrogen-based therapies, desmopressin, doxycycline or bevacizumab to prevent further gastrointestinal bleeding.
