Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 21, 2019; 25(39): 5991-6005
Published online Oct 21, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i39.5991
Retrospective study on mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms from five European centres
Melissa Frizziero, Xin Wang, Bipasha Chakrabarty, Alexa Childs, Tu V Luong, Thomas Walter, Mohid S Khan, Meleri Morgan, Adam Christian, Mona Elshafie, Tahir Shah, Annamaria Minicozzi, Wasat Mansoor, Tim Meyer, Angela Lamarca, Richard A Hubner, Juan W Valle, Mairéad G McNamara
Melissa Frizziero, Wasat Mansoor, Angela Lamarca, Richard A Hubner, Juan W Valle, Mairéad G McNamara, Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
Xin Wang, Department of Analytics and Development, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
Bipasha Chakrabarty, Department of Pathology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
Alexa Childs, Tim Meyer, Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
Alexa Childs, Tim Meyer, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6AG, United Kingdom
Tu V Luong, Department of Histopathology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
Thomas Walter, Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Oncology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69003, France
Mohid S Khan, Department of Gastroenterology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, United Kingdom
Meleri Morgan, Adam Christian, Department of Cellular Pathology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, United Kingdom
Mona Elshafie, Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
Tahir Shah, Department of Hepatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
Annamaria Minicozzi, Department of Surgical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
Juan W Valle, Mairéad G McNamara, Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Frizziero M contributed to identification of eligible patients, data collection and analysis, and manuscript writing; McNamara MG contributed to conception of the idea and design of the study, identification of eligible patients, manuscript writing, critical revision, proof-reading, and approval of the final version of the manuscript; Wang X contributed to data analysis (statistical support), manuscript review, proof-reading and approval of the final version of the manuscript; Chakrabarty B, Luong TV, Morgan M, Christian A and Elshafie M contributed to identification of eligible patients, pathological review of tumour specimens to ascertain compliance to 2017 World Health Organisation classifications, critical revision, proof-reading and approval of the final version of the manuscript; Childs A, Walter T, Khan MS and Shah T contributed to identification of eligible patients, data collection and analysis, critical revision, proof-reading and approval of the final version of the manuscript; Minicozzi A, Mansoor W, Meyer T, Lamarca A, Hubner RA and Valle JW contributed to identification of eligible patients, critical revision, proof-reading and approval of the final version of the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Christie NHS Foundation Trust Audit committee (16/1806), and by local audit committees from the other centres involved.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have declared no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Mairéad G McNamara, BM BCh, MD, MSc, PhD, MRCP, Attending Doctor, Doctor, Senior Lecturer, Senior Researcher, Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, 550 Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom. mairead.mcnamara@christie.nhs.uk
Telephone: +44-161-4468106
Received: May 2, 2019
Peer-review started: May 4, 2019
First decision: May 30, 2019
Revised: August 15, 2019
Accepted: September 11, 2019
Article in press: September 11, 2019
Published online: October 21, 2019
Processing time: 172 Days and 13.6 Hours
Core Tip

Core tip: Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) is a rare, albeit aggressive diagnosis. Evidence from literature is limited and inconsistent. This study reports on one of the largest cohorts of patients with a diagnosis of MiNEN in the current literature, and aims to provide useful suggestions for clinical management, in the absence of data from clinical trials. Potentially curable cases are most commonly offered surgery alone or in combination with chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy (predominantly according to the “standard of care” for adenocarcinomas). Advanced cases are most often treated with palliative chemotherapy and protocols follow either the “standard of care” for adenocarcinomas or neuroendocrine carcinomas.