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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 7, 2019; 25(13): 1550-1559
Published online Apr 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i13.1550
Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: An evidence-based approach
Patrick S Harris, Ross M Hansen, Meagan E Gray, Omar I Massoud, Brendan M McGuire, Mohamed G Shoreibah
Patrick S Harris, Ross M Hansen, Tinsley Harrison Internal Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
Meagan E Gray, Omar I Massoud, Brendan M McGuire, Mohamed G Shoreibah, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
Author contributions: Harris PS and Shoreibah MG contributed to the conception and design of the study; Harris PS and Hansen RM contributed to literature review, analysis and drafting of manuscript; Shoreibah MG, Gray ME, Massoud OI and McGuire BM contributed to critical revision and editing; all authors equally contributed to approval of the final version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Mohamed G Shoreibah, MD, Assistant Professor, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1808 7th Avenue South, BDB 391, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States. mshoreibah@uabmc.edu
Telephone: +1-205-9755676 Fax: +1-205-9759777
Received: February 21, 2019
Peer-review started: February 22, 2019
First decision: March 5, 2019
Revised: March 9, 2019
Accepted: March 16, 2019
Article in press: March 16, 2019
Published online: April 7, 2019
Core Tip

Core tip: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer related death and 80%-90% of new cases occur in patients with cirrhosis. Surveillance programs have been developed on the basis that earlier detection of disease provides more curative treatment options and a better prognosis. This comprehensive review focuses on current literature regarding the utility of HCC surveillance, high-risk populations, surveillance modalities and adherence and recall.