Copyright
©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2018; 24(27): 2921-2930
Published online Jul 21, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i27.2921
Published online Jul 21, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i27.2921
Indocyanine green-based fluorescence imaging in visceral and hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: State of the art and future directions
Gian Luca Baiocchi, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia 25125, Italy
Michele Diana, IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-Guided Surgery, Strasbourg 67000, France
Michele Diana, IRCAD, Research Institute against Cancer of the Digestive System, Strasbourg 67000, France
Luigi Boni, General and Emergency Surgery, IRCCS - Ca’ Granda - Policlinico Hospital, Milan 20122, Italy
Author contributions: Baiocchi GL and Boni L conceived the study; Baiocchi GL, Diana M, and Boni L critically reviewed the literature and supplied the material to be included in the manuscript’s Figures; Baiocchi GL drafted the manuscript; all authors approved the final version of the article.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Baiocchi GL, Diana M, and Boni L have received no funding and declare no conflicts of interest in relation to this specific work. Baiocchi GL received a travel grant from Stryker and from Karl Storz and has been the scientific organizer of the international workshop “Intraoperative ICG Fluorescence Imaging in Hepatobiliary and Visceral Surgery: State of the Art and New Frontiers,” (Brescia, Italy, October 21, 2017) partly funded (travel expenses) by Karl Storz and Stryker companies. Diana M is the recipient of a grant from the ARC Foundation (Project ELIOS) to develop fluorescence image-guided surgery. Boni L is a consultant for Storz and Olympus.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Gian Luca Baiocchi, MD, Professor, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, and Chirurgia Generale 3, Spedali Civili, P.le Spedali Civili 1, Brescia 25125, Italy. gianluca.baiocchi@unibs.it
Telephone: +39-30-3995600 Fax: +39-30-3397476
Received: May 18, 2018
Peer-review started: May 18, 2018
First decision: May 30, 2018
Revised: June 8, 2018
Accepted: June 27, 2018
Article in press: June 27, 2018
Published online: July 21, 2018
Processing time: 62 Days and 16.8 Hours
Peer-review started: May 18, 2018
First decision: May 30, 2018
Revised: June 8, 2018
Accepted: June 27, 2018
Article in press: June 27, 2018
Published online: July 21, 2018
Processing time: 62 Days and 16.8 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: In recent years, the use of fluorescence-guided surgery to treat benign and malignant visceral, hepatobiliary and pancreatic neoplasms has significantly increased. It helps guide the surgical procedure and provides the surgeon with real-time visualization of the fluorescent structures of interest that would be otherwise invisible. This review surveys and discusses the most common and emerging clinical applications of indocyanine green-based fluorescence in visceral, hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. The ever-increasing availability of visual systems that can utilize this tool will transform some of these applications into the standard of care in the near future.