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©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 28, 2016; 22(4): 1433-1448
Published online Jan 28, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i4.1433
Published online Jan 28, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i4.1433
Gut epithelial barrier dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis C virus coinfected patients: Influence on innate and acquired immunity
Mercedes Márquez, Clotilde Fernández Gutiérrez del Álamo, José Antonio Girón-González, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
José Antonio Girón-González, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
Author contributions: Márquez M and Fernández Gutiérrez del Álamo C performed the bibliographic research, analyzed data and wrote the paper; Girón-González JA designed research, analyzed data and wrote the paper.
Supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plan Nacional de I+D+I 2008-2011, No. PI11/00605 and Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2013-2016, No. PI14/01779; Co-financed by FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional).
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: José Antonio Girón-González, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Avda Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain. joseantonio.giron@uca.es
Telephone: +34-95-6002879
Received: May 14, 2015
Peer-review started: May 15, 2015
First decision: August 31, 2015
Revised: October 11, 2015
Accepted: November 13, 2015
Article in press: November 13, 2015
Published online: January 28, 2016
Processing time: 251 Days and 15.9 Hours
Peer-review started: May 15, 2015
First decision: August 31, 2015
Revised: October 11, 2015
Accepted: November 13, 2015
Article in press: November 13, 2015
Published online: January 28, 2016
Processing time: 251 Days and 15.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Even in patients with a long-term controlled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication by antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected patients have several non-acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) related co-morbidities, including liver disease. Persistent innate and acquired immune activation contributes to the pathogenesis of these non-AIDS related diseases. Immune activation has been related with bacterial translocation secondary to gut barrier damage by the HIV or the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver cirrhosis. Modifications in gut barrier structure and function and immune activation in HIV-HCV coinfected patients will be reviewed.