Published online Dec 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.16881
Revised: July 3, 2014
Accepted: September 12, 2014
Published online: December 7, 2014
Processing time: 225 Days and 11 Hours
Core tip: In this paper we describe the features of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) at ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging, focusing on diagnosis and differential diagnosis with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which has a similar imaging appearance but a completely different therapeutic management. It is of utmost importance to make an early correct differential diagnosis between these two diseases in order to identify the optimal therapeutic strategy and to avoid unnecessary laparotomy or pancreatic resection in AIP patients. Non-invasive imaging plays also an important role in therapy monitoring, in follow-up and in early identification of disease recurrence.