Published online Jun 15, 2003. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i6.1237
Revised: March 4, 2003
Accepted: March 10, 2003
Published online: June 15, 2003
AIM: Cyclooxygenase-2 is involved in a variety of important cellular functions, including cell growth and differentiation, cancer cell motility and invasion, angiogenesis and immune function. However, the role of cyclooxygenase-2 as an angiogenic factor in colorectal cancer tissue is still unclear. We investigated the relationship between cyclooxygenase-2 and angiogenesis by analyzing the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in colorectal cancer tissue, as well as its association with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvascular density (MVD).
METHODS: The expression of cyclooxygenase-2, VEGF, as well as MVD was detected in 128 cases of colorectal cancer by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between the cyclooxygenase-2 and VEGF expression and MVD was evaluated. Our objective was to determine the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 on the angiogenesis of colorectal cancer tissue.
RESULTS: Among 128 cases of colorectal cancer, 87 were positive for cyclooxygenase-2 (67.9%), and 49 for VEGF (38.3%), respectively. The microvessel counts ranged from 23 to 142, with a mean of 51.7 (standard deviation, 19.8). The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 was correlated significantly with the depth of invasion, stage of disease, metastasis (lymph node and liver), VEGF expression and MVD. Patients in T3-T4, stage III-IV and with metastasis had much higher expression of cyclooxygenase-2 than patients in T1-T2, stage I-II and without metastasis (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate of VEGF (81.6%) in the cyclooxygenase-2 positive group was higher than that in the cyclooxygenase-2 negative group (18.4%, P < 0.05). Also, the microvessel count (56 ± 16) in cyclooxygenase-2 positive group was significantly higher than that in cyclooxygenase-2 negative group (43 ± 12, P < 0.05). The microvessel count in tumors with positive cyclooxygenase-2 and VEGF was the highest (60 ± 18, 41-142, P < 0.05), whereas that in tumors with negative cyclooxygenase-2 and VEGF was the lowest (39 ± 16, 23-68, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Cyclooxygenase-2 may be associated with tumor progression by madulating the angiogenesis in colorectal cancer tissue and used as a possible biomarker.