Singh AK, Durairajan SSK, Iyaswamy A, Williams LL. Elucidating the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in hyperuricemia and gout: Insights and therapeutic strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(40): 4404-4410 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i40.4404]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Tiruvarur, TN 610005, India. d.sivasundarakumar@cutn.ac.in
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Letter to the Editor
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 28, 2024; 30(40): 4404-4410 Published online Oct 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i40.4404
Elucidating the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in hyperuricemia and gout: Insights and therapeutic strategies
Abhay Kumar Singh, Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, Ashok Iyaswamy, Leonard L Williams
Abhay Kumar Singh, Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur, TN 610005, India
Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Ashok Iyaswamy, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
Ashok Iyaswamy, Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
Leonard L Williams, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, United States
Co-first authors: Abhay Kumar Singh and Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan.
Author contributions: Singh AK and Durairajan SSK drafted the manuscript; Singh AK, Iwaswamy A and Williams LL reviewed the literature; Durairajan SSK conceived the idea and coordinated the manuscript; Durairajan SSK and Singh AK approved the final version of the article; all of the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript to be published.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Tiruvarur, TN 610005, India. d.sivasundarakumar@cutn.ac.in
Received: August 17, 2024 Revised: September 14, 2024 Accepted: September 26, 2024 Published online: October 28, 2024 Processing time: 59 Days and 14.2 Hours
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a condition associated with a high concentration of uric acid (UA) in the bloodstream and can cause gout and chronic kidney disease. The gut microbiota of patients with gout and HUA is significantly altered compared to that of healthy people. This article focused on the complex interconnection between alterations in the gut microbiota and the development of this disorder. Some studies have suggested that changes in the composition, diversity, and activity of microbes play a key role in establishing and progressing HUA and gout pathogenesis. Therefore, we discussed how the gut microbiota contributes to HUA through purine metabolism, UA excretion, and intestinal inflammatory responses. We examined specific changes in the composition of the gut microbiota associated with gout and HUA, highlighting key bacterial taxa and the metabolic pathways involved. Additionally, we discussed the effect of conventional gout treatments on the gut microbiota composition, along with emerging therapeutic approaches that target the gut microbiome, such as the use of probiotics and prebiotics. We also provided insights into a study regarding the gut microbiota as a possible novel therapeutic intervention for gout treatment and dysbiosis-related diagnosis.
Core Tip: Current research highlights the relationship between gout and gut microbiota composition. Gout patients have significantly different microbial profiles than healthy individuals, with changes in specific bacterial taxa. These alterations may increase uric acid production and purine metabolism, potentially worsening the disease. Traditional gout treatments influence gut microbiota while emerging approaches aim to rebalance the gut ecosystem using probiotics and prebiotics. This gut-centric view offers a novel perspective for developing new gout management strategies. Microbiome-focused treatments show promise, emphasizing the vital role of gut health in managing this metabolic condition and revealing new treatment opportunities.
