Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 21, 2024; 30(35): 3996-4010
Published online Sep 21, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i35.3996
Impact of metabolic syndrome components on clinical outcomes in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis
Zhen-Hua Fu, Zi-Yue Zhao, Yao-Bing Liang, Dong-Yu Cheng, Jian-Ming Luo, Hai-Xing Jiang, Shan-Yu Qin
Zhen-Hua Fu, Zi-Yue Zhao, Yao-Bing Liang, Dong-Yu Cheng, Jian-Ming Luo, Hai-Xing Jiang, Shan-Yu Qin, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Co-first authors: Zhen-Hua Fu and Zi-Yue Zhao.
Author contributions: Fu ZH and Zhao ZY contributed equally to this work; Fu ZH and Qin SY conceived and designed the study; Fu ZH and Zhao ZY collected and analyzed the data; Fu ZH drafted and edited the manuscript; Liang YB, Cheng DY, Luo JM, and Jiang HX reviewed the data; All authors interpreted the results and approved the final manuscript for publication.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82260539; and Guangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 2024GXNSFAA010072.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (No. 2024-E278-01).
Informed consent statement: The need for patient consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Shan-Yu Qin, MD, Chief Physician, Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. qinshanyu@gxmu.edu.cn
Received: June 27, 2024
Revised: August 17, 2024
Accepted: August 30, 2024
Published online: September 21, 2024
Processing time: 77 Days and 17.6 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

The incidence of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG)-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) is steadily increasing in China, becoming the second leading cause of AP. Clinical complications and outcomes associated with HTG-AP are generally more severe than those seen in AP caused by other etiologies. HTG-AP is closely linked to metabolic dysfunction and frequently coexists with metabolic syndrome or its components. However, the impact of metabolic syndrome components on HTG-AP clinical outcomes remains unclear.

AIM

To investigate the impact of metabolic syndrome component burden on clinical outcomes in HTG-AP.

METHODS

In this retrospective study of 255 patients diagnosed with HTG-AP at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, we collected data on patient demographics, clinical scores, complications, and clinical outcomes. Subsequently, we analyzed the influence of the presence and number of individual metabolic syndrome components, including obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), on the aforementioned parameters in HTG-AP patients.

RESULTS

This study found that metabolic syndrome components were associated with an increased risk of various complications in HTG-AP, with low HDL-C being the most significant risk factor for clinical outcomes. The risk of complications increased with the number of metabolic syndrome components. Adjusted for age and sex, patients with high-component metabolic syndrome had significantly higher risks of renal failure [odds ratio (OR) = 3.02, 95%CI: 1.12-8.11)], SAP (OR = 5.05, 95%CI: 2.04-12.49), and intensive care unit admission (OR = 6.41, 95%CI: 2.42-16.97) compared to those without metabolic syndrome.

CONCLUSION

The coexistence of multiple metabolic syndrome components can synergistically worsen the clinical course of HTG-AP, making it crucial to monitor these components for effective disease management.

Keywords: Hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis; Metabolic syndrome; High density lipoprotein cholesterol; Obesity; Hyperglycemia; Hypertension; Clinical outcomes

Core Tip: This retrospective study, the first to systematically investigate the association between the metabolic syndrome component burden and clinical outcomes in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis, found that individual metabolic syndrome components, especially low high density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased the risk of complications. The number of metabolic syndrome components was positively correlated with the incidence of these complications. Patients with high-component metabolic syndrome had an elevated risk of developing renal failure, severe acute pancreatitis, and requiring intensive care unit admission.