Colorectal cancer screening: Modalities and adherence

Abstract

In the last decade, several studies have explored various modalities and strategies for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, taking into account epidemiological data, individual characteristics, and socioeconomic factors. In this editorial, we comment further on a retrospective study by Agatsuma et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology. Our focus is on screening trends, particularly in relation to efforts to improve the currently suboptimal uptake among the general population worldwide, aiming to enhance early diagnosis rates of CRC. There is a need to raise awareness through health edu-cation programs and to consider the use of readily available, non-invasive screening methods. These strategies are crucial for attracting screen-eligible populations to participate in first-line screening, especially those in high- or average-risk groups and in regions with limited resources. Liquid biopsies and biomarkers represent rapidly evolving trends in screening and diagnosis; however, their clinical relevance has yet to be standardized.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Screening test, High-risk group, Strategies, Biomarker, Liquid biopsy, Screening adherence

Core Tip: Although the 5-year survival rate for early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) is approximately 90%, less than half of the American population undergoes screening. This results in delayed diagnoses of advanced tumors with poor prognoses. It is crucial to reevaluate screening strategies and raise awareness among the screen-eligible population about the importance of participating in first-line CRC screening examinations. This editorial briefly reviews the current global landscape of CRC screening, with a focus on existing modalities and population adherence.