Published online Oct 7, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i37.5673
Peer-review started: June 15, 2020
First decision: July 25, 2020
Revised: August 8, 2020
Accepted: September 12, 2020
Article in press: September 12, 2020
Published online: October 7, 2020
Processing time: 104 Days and 22.9 Hours
The management strategies for recurrent ampullary adenoma after endoscopic papillectomy are still controversial. Patients with the recurrent papillary lesions need to receive repetitive endoscopic interventions due to the limitations of conventional endoscopic techniques.
To assess the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) by duodenoscope for recurrent, laterally spreading papillary lesions.
We enrolled two patients with recurrent, laterally spreading, duodenal papillary adenomas with no intraductal extension confirmed by follow-up between March 2017 and September 2018. After marking the resection borders of the lesion using a dual knife, a submucosal cushion was created by injecting a mixture of saline solution, methylene blue, and adrenaline. A total circumferential incision and submucosal excision was performed by dual knife combined with insulated-tip diathermic knife, and then the lesion was ligated and resected using an electric snare. Endoscopic hemostasis was applied during the endoscopic procedures. Moreover, the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures, including selective cannulation and stent implantation of biliary and pancreatic ducts, were performed. Additionally, we performed endoclip closure for mucosal defect after ESD.
Hybrid ESD using a duodenoscope and biliary and pancreatic stent placement were performed successfully in two patients. The endoscopic size of recurrent papillary lesions was no more than 2 cm. Generally, the average total procedure time was 95.5 min, and the procedure time of ESD and ERCP was 38.5 min and 15.5 min, respectively. No serious complications occurred during the intraoperative and postoperative periods. The histopathological examination revealed tubulovillous adenoma negative for neoplastic extension at the cut margin in both patients. The duodenoscopic follow-up and histopathology of biopsy specimens at 3 mo after ESD showed no residual or recurrent lesions in ampullary areas in both cases. Both cases have been followed up with no recurrence to June 2020.
Hybrid ESD by duodenoscope is technically challenging, and may be curative for recurrent, laterally spreading papillary adenomas < 2 cm. It should be performed cautiously in selected patients by experienced endoscopists.
Core Tip: The management strategies for recurrent ampullary adenomas after endoscopic papillectomy are still controversial. Our preliminary experience showed that hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection by duodenoscope could be feasible for recurrent, laterally spreading ampullary adenomas. Follow-up after hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection showed no residual or recurrent lesions in ampullary areas. However, it should be performed with caution by experienced endoscopists in selected patients, and the effectiveness should be verified by large-scale studies.