Basic Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Feb 7, 2017; 23(5): 810-816
Published online Feb 7, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i5.810
Gut microbial diversity analysis using Illumina sequencing for functional dyspepsia with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome and the interventional Xiaoyaosan in a rat model
Juan-Juan Qiu, Zhe Liu, Peng Zhao, Xue-Jun Wang, Yu-Chun Li, Hua Sui, Lawrence Owusu, Hui-Shu Guo, Zheng-Xu Cai
Juan-Juan Qiu, Zhe Liu, Xue-Jun Wang, Yu-Chun Li, Hui-Shu Guo, Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
Peng Zhao, Zheng-Xu Cai, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
Hua Sui, Lawrence Owusu, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
Author contributions: Qiu JJ and Liu Z contributed equally to this work; Guo HS and Cai ZX are the joint corresponding authors of this article; Guo HS and Cai ZX designed the research; Qiu JJ, Liu Z, Zhao P, Wang XJ, Li YC and Sui H performed the research; Qiu JJ, Li YC and Sui H analyzed the data; Owusu L, Guo HS and Cai ZX revised the manuscript; Qiu JJ wrote the paper.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81273919 and No. 81673727; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program), No. 2013CB531703.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: All procedures involving animals were reviewed and approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the Dalian Medical University (License No. SCXK (LIAO) 2008-0002; Certificate No. 0003496).
Conflict-of-interest statement: To the best of our knowledge, no conflict of interest exists.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Hui-Shu Guo, Professor, Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China. guohuishu1@126.com
Telephone: +86-411-83635963 Fax: +86-411-83622844
Received: August 29, 2016
Peer-review started: August 30, 2016
First decision: November 9, 2016
Revised: November 21, 2016
Accepted: December 8, 2016
Article in press: December 8, 2016
Published online: February 7, 2017
Processing time: 145 Days and 20.4 Hours
Abstract
AIM

To investigate gut microbial diversity and the interventional effect of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) in a rat model of functional dyspepsia (FD) with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome.

METHODS

The FD with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome rat model was established through classic chronic mild unpredictable stimulation every day. XYS group rats received XYS 1 h before the stimulation. The models were assessed by parameters including state of the rat, weight, sucrose test result and open-field test result. After 3 wk, the stools of rats were collected and genomic DNA was extracted. PCR products of the V4 region of 16S rDNA were sequenced using a barcoded Illumina paired-end sequencing technique. The primary composition of the microbiome in the stool samples was determined and analyzed by cluster analysis.

RESULTS

Rat models were successfully established, per data from rat state, weight and open-field test. The microbiomes contained 20 phyla from all samples. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Tenericutes were the most abundant taxonomic groups. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria in the model group was higher than that in the normal group. On the contrary, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the model group was lower than that in the normal group. Upon XYS treatment, the relative abundance of all dysregulated phyla was restored to levels similar to those observed in the normal group. Abundance clustering heat map of phyla corroborated the taxonomic distribution.

CONCLUSION

The microbiome relative abundance of FD rats with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome was significantly different from the normal cohort. XYS intervention may effectively adjust the gut dysbacteriosis in FD.

Keywords: Functional dyspepsia with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome; Illumina sequencing; Gut microbial diversity; Xiaoyaosan

Core tip: Gut microflora has been found to associate with promotion of health and occurrence and development of different gastrointestinal/non-gastrointestinal disease. Some traditional Chinese drugs exert effects on diseases by regulating the equilibrium of intestinal microflora. In the present study, we described gut microbial diversity in functional dyspepsia with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome in rat models and the effect of Xiaoyaosan intervention.