Published online Feb 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i7.2357
Peer-review started: May 25, 2015
First decision: June 25, 2015
Revised: September 5, 2015
Accepted: November 30, 2015
Article in press: November 30, 2015
Published online: February 21, 2016
Processing time: 251 Days and 13.4 Hours
AIM: To explore the changes of X-box binding protein 1 splicing (XBP1s) and inflammatory cytokine expression in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).
METHODS: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect the forms of XBP1s and the expression of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, and IL-17α. Differences between patients with UC and normal subjects were then determined.
RESULTS: Mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood of normal subjects and UC patients with were stimulated with no drugs (control), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), thapsigargin (TG), or both PHA and TG. XBP1s in patients with UC exhibited splicing, which was greater with co-stimulation than single stimulation. Co-stimulation increased the expression level of IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-17α.
CONCLUSION: The T lymphocytes of both normal subjects and patients with UC responded to ERS by activating the XBP1s-mediated signalling pathway, upregulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and increasing the occurrence of inflammation. The mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of patients with UC were more sensitive to ERS than those in the peripheral blood of normal subjects.
Core tip: Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can repair stress-induced cell damage and restore normal cell function by the inositol-requiring enzyme 1/X-box binding protein 1 splicing (IRE1/XBP1) signalling pathway. However, the link to ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. In the present study, we report that T lymphocytes respond to ERS by activating the IRE1/XBP1 signalling pathway, upregulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and increasing the occurrence of inflammation. In addition, mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of patients with UC were more sensitive to ERS than normal subjects.