Published online Aug 21, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9239
Peer-review started: March 16, 2015
First decision: April 23, 2015
Revised: May 8, 2015
Accepted: July 3, 2015
Article in press: July 3, 2015
Published online: August 21, 2015
Processing time: 157 Days and 23.3 Hours
In recent years, a number of studies detected a significantly higher prevalence of Campylobacter species such as Campylobacter concisus (C. concisus) in intestinal biopsies and fecal samples collected from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to controls. Most of these Campylobacter species are not of zoonotic origin but are human oral Campylobacter species. Bacterial species usually cause diseases in the location where they colonize. However, C. concisus and other oral Campylobacter species are associated with IBD occurring at the lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract, suggesting that these Campylobacter species may have unique virulence factors that are expressed in the lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
Core tip: The human oral cavity is a reservoir of a number of Campylobacter species. Accumulated evidence suggests that some oral Campylobacter species such as Campylobacter concisus may be initiators of a subgroup of human inflammatory bowel disease.