Published online Jun 28, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i24.7577
Peer-review started: May 30, 2014
First decision: June 18, 2014
Revised: September 19, 2014
Accepted: January 21, 2015
Article in press: January 22, 2015
Published online: June 28, 2015
Processing time: 395 Days and 22.5 Hours
AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety profile of pancreatic duct (PD) stent placement for prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP).
METHODS: We performed a search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled clinical trials of prophylactic PD stent placement after ERCP. RevMan 5 software provided by Cochrane was used for the heterogeneity and efficacy analyses, and a meta-analysis was performed for the data that showed homogeneity. Categorical data are presented as relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and measurement data are presented as weighted mean differences and 95%CIs.
RESULTS: The incidence rates of severe pancreatitis, operation failure, complications and patient pain severity were analyzed. Data on pancreatitis incidence were reported in 14 of 15 trials. There was no significant heterogeneity between the trials (I2 = 0%, P = 0.93). In the stent group, 49 of the 1233 patients suffered from PEP, compared to 133 of the 1277 patients in the no-stent group. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that it may be possible to prevent PEP by placing a PD stent.
CONCLUSION: PD stent placement can reduce postoperative hyperamylasemia and might be an effective and safe option to prevent PEP if the operation indications are well controlled.
Core tip: Pancreatitis is one of the most common and severe complications after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The reported incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) varies between 2% and 7% in prospective trials and may be as high as 30%-50% in high-risk patients. Although a previous meta-analysis has indicated that pancreatic duct stent placement can prevent PEP, particularly in high-risk patients, there is a lack of high-quality evidence-based studies based on appropriate numbers of well-validated publications. Therefore, an updated meta-analysis was conducted to investigate stents in preventing PEP.