Published online Apr 14, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i14.4423
Peer-review started: December 1, 2014
First decision: December 26, 2014
Revised: January 1, 2015
Accepted: January 30, 2015
Article in press: January 30, 2015
Published online: April 14, 2015
Processing time: 137 Days and 7.4 Hours
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the second most common diagnosis among patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT). The recovery results of patients transplanted for ALD are often at least as good as those of patients transplanted for other diagnoses and better than those suffering from hepatitis C virus, cryptogenic cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. In the case of medically non-responding patients with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis or acute-on chronic liver failure, the refusal of LT is often based on the lack of the required alcohol abstinence period of six months. The obligatory abidance of a period of abstinence as a transplant eligibility requirement for medically non-responding patients seems unfair and inhumane, since the majority of these patients will not survive the six-month abstinence period. Data from various studies have challenged the 6-mo rule, while excellent survival results of LT have been observed in selected patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis not responding to medical therapy. Patients with severe advanced ALD should have legal access to LT. The mere lack of pre-LT abstinence should not be an obstacle for being listed.
Core tip: Severe alcoholic liver diseases that do not respond to medical therapy, such as alcoholic hepatitis or acute-on chronic liver failure, show life threatening one-year mortality rates of up to 90%. The majority of transplant centers demand 6-mo of alcohol abstinence prior to transplantation, the so-called “6-mo rule”. This rule is void of scientific evidence and frequently the subject of controversial discussions. Since most patients with severe alcoholic liver disease will die before meeting the criteria of the 6-mo period of abstinence, liver transplantation has to be taken into account irrespective of the 6-mo abstinence period.