Published online Jul 28, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i28.9321
Revised: March 4, 2014
Accepted: April 15, 2014
Published online: July 28, 2014
Processing time: 269 Days and 14.8 Hours
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common pathogenic bacterial infections and is found in the stomachs of approximately half of the world’s population. It is the primary known cause of gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcer disease and gastric cancer. However, combined drug therapy as the general treatment in the clinic, the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, adverse reactions and poor patient compliance are major obstacles to the eradication of H. pylori. Oral site-specific drug delivery systems that could increase the longevity of the treatment agent at the target site might improve the therapeutic effect and avoid side effects. Gastroretentive drug delivery systems potentially prolong the gastric retention time and controlled/sustained release of a drug, thereby increasing the concentration of the drug at the application site, potentially improving its bioavailability and reducing the necessary dosage. Recommended gastroretentive drug delivery systems for enhancing local drug delivery include floating systems, bioadhesive systems and expandable systems. In this review, we summarize the important physiological parameters of the gastrointestinal tract that affect the gastric residence time. We then focus on various aspects useful in the development of gastroretentive drug delivery systems, including current trends and the progress of novel forms, especially with respect to their application for the treatment of H. pylori infections.
Core tip:Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common pathogenic bacteria. It is the primary known cause of gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcer disease and gastric cancer. In addition to triple therapies, oral site-specific drug delivery systems (especially gastroretentive dosage forms) prolong the gastric retention time and can increase the concentration of the drug at the target site, thereby improving the therapeutic effect. This review focuses on gastroretentive drug delivery strategies and their application to the eradication of H. pylori.