Published online Jan 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i1.310
Revised: October 11, 2013
Accepted: October 17, 2013
Published online: January 7, 2014
Processing time: 138 Days and 6 Hours
AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy based on S-1, a novel oral fluoropyrimidine, vs S-1 monotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC).
METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for eligible studies published before March 2013. Our analysis identified four randomized controlled trials involving 790 participants with AGC. The outcome measures were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and grade 3-4 adverse events.
RESULTS: Meta-analysis showed that S-1-based combination therapy significantly improved OS (HR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.66-0.91, P = 0.002), PFS (HR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.46-0.72, P = 0.000) and ORR (OR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.54-3.21, P = 0.000). Sensitivity analysis further confirmed this association. Lower incidence of grade 3-4 leucopenia (OR = 4.06, 95%CI: 2.11-7.81), neutropenia (OR = 3.94, 95%CI: 2.1-7.81) and diarrhea (OR = 2.41, 95%CI: 1.31-4.44) was observed in patients with S-1 monotherapy.
CONCLUSION: S-1-based combination therapy is superior to S-1 monotherapy in terms of OS, PFS and ORR. S-1 monotherapy is associated with less toxicity.
Core tip: This is the first meta-analysis aimed to detect whether S-1-based combination therapy would be more effective and safer than S-1 monotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). In the meta-analysis, the S-1-based combination therapy group shows great advantages of achieving better overall survival, progression-free survival and overall response rate for AGC compared with the S-1 monotherapy group. The grade 3-4 adverse events in the combination therapy group might be overcome with medical therapy. S-1-based combination therapy should be used as a standard chemotherapeutic regimen for AGC, at least in Asia.