Published online Aug 28, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i32.5286
Revised: May 14, 2013
Accepted: July 4, 2013
Published online: August 28, 2013
Processing time: 162 Days and 1.6 Hours
AIM: To determine correlations between family history, clinical features and mutational status of genes involved in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).
METHODS: Histo-pathological features and molecular changes [KRAS, BRAF and CTNNB1 genes mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype, expression of mismatch repair (MMR) and mucin (MUC) 5AC proteins, mutation and expression analysis of TP53, MLH1 promoter hypermethylation analysis] were examined in a series of 51 unselected Tunisian CRC patients, 10 of them had a proven or probable hereditary disease, on the track of new tumoral markers for CRC susceptibility in Tunisian patients.
RESULTS: As expected, MSI and MMR expression loss were associated to the presence of familial CRC (75% vs 9%, P < 0.001). However, no significant associations have been detected between personal or familial cancer history and KRAS (codons 12 and 13) or TP53 (exons 4-9) alterations. A significant inverse relationship has been observed between the presence of MSI and TP53 accumulation (10.0% vs 48.8%, P = 0.0335) in CRC tumors, suggesting different molecular pathways to CRC that in turn may reflect different environmental exposures. Interestingly, MUC5AC expression was significantly associated to the presence of MSI (46.7% vs 8.3%, P = 0.0039), MMR expression loss (46.7% vs 8.3%, P = 0.0039) and the presence of familial CRC (63% vs 23%, P = 0.039).
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that MUC5AC expression analysis may be useful in the screening of Tunisian patients with high risk of CRC.
Core tip: This study reports, for the first time in Tunisia, the value of various histo-pathologic features and somatic molecular changes [BRAF, KRAS, CTNNB1, TP53, mismatch repair (MMR) expression, microsatellite instability (MSI), MLH1 promoter methylation] in distinguishing patients with hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer. Our results revealed that MUC5AC expression was significantly associated with the presence of MSI (46.7% vs 8.3%, P = 0.0039), MMR expression loss (46.7% vs 8.3%, P = 0.0039) and the presence of familial colorectal cancer (63% vs 23%, P = 0.039). These findings suggest that mucin 5AC expression analysis may be useful in the screening of Tunisian patients with high risk of colorectal cancer.