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World J Gastroenterol. Apr 7, 2012; 18(13): 1438-1447
Published online Apr 7, 2012. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i13.1438
Multidisciplinary imaging of liver hydatidosis
Gianluca Marrone, Francesca Crino', Settimo Caruso, Giuseppe Mamone, Vincenzo Carollo, Mariapina Milazzo, Salvatore Gruttadauria, Angelo Luca, Bruno Gridelli
Gianluca Marrone, Settimo Caruso, Giuseppe Mamone, Vincenzo Carollo, Mariapina Milazzo, Angelo Luca, Francesca Crino’, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Italy, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Salvatore Gruttadauria, Bruno Gridelli, Department of Transplantation Surgery, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Italy, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Author contributions: Marrone G wrote the paper; Crino’ F, Caruso S, Mamone G, Carollo V, Milazzo M, Gruttadauria S, Luca A and Gridelli B contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to: Dr. Gianluca Marrone, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Italy, Via Tricomi 1, 90127 Palermo, Italy. gmarrone@ismett.edu
Telephone: +39-91-2192111 Fax: +39-91-2192344
Received: July 2, 2011
Revised: September 2, 2011
Accepted: January 22, 2012
Published online: April 7, 2012
Abstract

Liver hydatidosis is a parasitic endemic disease affecting extensive areas in our planet, a significant stigma within medicine to manage because of its incidence, possible complications, and diagnostic involvements. The diagnosis of liver hydatidosis should be as fast as possible because of the relevant complications that may arise with disease progression, involving multiple organs and neighboring structures causing disruption, migration, contamination. The aim of this essay is to illustrate the role of imaging as ultrasonography (US), multi detector row computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of liver hydatidosis: the diagnosis, the assessment of extension, the identification of possible complications and the monitoring the response to therapy. US is the screening method of choice. Computed tomography (CT) is indicated in cases in which US is inadequate and has high sensitivity and specificity for calcified hydatid cysts. Magnetic resonance is the best imaging procedure to demonstrate a cystic component and to show a biliary tree involvement. Diagnostic tests such as CT and MRI are mandatory in liver hydatidosis because they allow thorough knowledge regarding lesion size, location, and relations to intrahepatic vascular and biliary structures, providing useful information for effective treatment and decrease in post-operative morbidity. Hydatid disease is classified into four types on the basis of their radiologic appearance.

Keywords: Liver hydatidosis; Hepatic cyst; Daughter cysts; Calcified cyst; Pericyst