Original Article
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World J Gastroenterol. Feb 21, 2011; 17(7): 898-905
Published online Feb 21, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i7.898
Neuroprotective action of Ginkgo biloba on the enteric nervous system of diabetic rats
Glasiella Gonzalez Perez da Silva, Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni, Nilza Cristina Buttow
Glasiella Gonzalez Perez da Silva, Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni, Nilza Cristina Buttow, Department of Morphological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790 Bloco H-79, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
Author contributions: da Silva GGP performed data collection and wrote the paper; Buttow NC designed the study, contributed analytical tools and corrected the paper; Zanoni JN analyzed the data.
Correspondence to: Nilza Cristina Buttow, PhD, Department of Morphological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790 Bloco H-79, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil. ncbuttow@uem.br
Telephone: +55-44-30111370 Fax: +55-44-30114340
Received: February 18, 2010
Revised: March 24, 2010
Accepted: March 31, 2010
Published online: February 21, 2011
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on the enteric neurons in the small intestine of diabetic rats.

METHODS: Fifteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group (C), diabetic group (D) and diabetic-treated (DT) daily with EGb 761 extract (50 mg/kg body weight) for 120 d. The enteric neurons were identified by the myosin-V immunohistochemical technique. The neuronal density and the cell body area were also analyzed.

RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in the neuronal population (myenteric plexus P = 0.0351; submucous plexus P = 0.0217) in both plexuses of the jejunum in group D when compared to group C. With regard to the ileum, there was a significant decrease (P = 0.0117) only in the myenteric plexus. The DT group showed preservation of the neuronal population in the jejunum submucous plexus and in the myenteric plexus in the ileum. The cell body area in group D increased significantly (P = 0.0001) in the myenteric plexus of both segments studied as well as in the ileum submucosal plexus, when compared to C. The treatment reduced (P = 0.0001) the cell body area of the submucosal neurons of both segments and the jejunum myenteric neurons.

CONCLUSION: The purified Ginkgo biloba extract has a neuroprotective effect on the jejunum submucous plexus and the myenteric plexus of the ileum of diabetic rats.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Ginkgo biloba; Myenteric plexus; Submucous plexus; Neuroprotection