Original Articles
Copyright ©2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 21, 2009; 15(15): 1821-1828
Published online Apr 21, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.1821
Therapeutic effects of Clostridium butyricum on experimental colitis induced by oxazolone in rats
Hai-Qiang Zhang, Tomas T Ding, Jun-Sheng Zhao, Xin Yang, Hai-Xia Zhang, Juan-Juan Zhang, Yun-Long Cui
Hai-Qiang Zhang, Xin Yang, Hai-Xia Zhang, Juan-Juan Zhang, Qingdao Research Center of Microecology-Engineering Technology, Jiaonan 266400, Shandong Province, China
Tomas T Ding, BRITE/Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, United States
Jun-Sheng Zhao, Pathology Department of People’s Hospital, Jiaonan 266400, Shandong Province, China
Yun-Long Cui, Qingdao East Sea Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiaonan 266400, Shandong Province, China
Author contributions: Zhang HQ, Ding TT, Zhao JS, and Cui YL designed the research; Zhang HQ, Yang X, Zhang HX and Zhang JJ performed the research; Zhang HQ and Yang X analyzed data; Zhang HQ, Ding TT and Cui YL wrote the paper.
Correspondence to: Yun-Long Cui, Qingdao East Sea Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 8 Shanghai Middle Road, Jiaonan 266400, Shandong Province, China. donghaicuiyunlong@yahoo.com.cn
Telephone: +86-532-87199876
Fax: +86-532-87199788
Received: December 15, 2008
Revised: February 7, 2009
Accepted: February 12, 2009
Published online: April 21, 2009
Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of a probiotic supplement (Clostridium butyricum, CGMCC0313) in a chemically-induced rat model of experimental colitis.

METHODS: An experimental ulcerative colitis model was established by rectal injection of oxazolone into the colon of 40 Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups. The positive control group was sacrificed 3 d after colitis onset. The remaining groups were fed daily with either 2 mL of C. butyricum (2.3 × 1011 CFU/L), 2 mL of mesalamine (100 g/L), or 1 mL of sodium butyrate (50 mmol/L) for 21 d. The animals’ body weight, behavior, and bowel movements were recorded weekly. After sacrifice, visual and microscopic observations of pathological changes of colon tissue were made, body weight and wet colon mass index were measured and recorded, and serum levels of interleukin-23 (IL-23) and TNF-α were measured using ELISA. Expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide in colon tissue was measured by RT-PCR. Finally, changes in rat intestinal microflora status were measured in all groups.

RESULTS: We found that treatment with C. butyricum lowered the serum levels of both IL-23 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) with similar or even better efficiency than that of mesalamine or sodium butyrate. The rat intestinal flora appeared to recover more quickly in the group treated with C. butyricum than in the mesalamine and sodium butyrate groups. Finally, we found that the expression level of calcitonin gene related peptide was elevated in colon tissue in the sodium butyrate treated group but not in the C. butyricum or mesalamine treated groups, indicating a sensitization of colon following sodium butyrate treatment.

CONCLUSION: In our experimental colitis model, treatment with C. butyricum CGMCC0313, a probiotic supplement, is at least as efficient as treatment with mesalamine.

Keywords: Clostridium butyricum; Interleukin-23; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Calcitonin gene related peptide; Colitis