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World J Gastroenterol. Jul 7, 2008; 14(25): 4047-4053
Published online Jul 7, 2008. doi: 10.3748/wjg.14.4047
Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in octogenarians: Clinical outcome and factors related to mortality
George J Theocharis, Vassiliki Arvaniti, Stelios F Assimakopoulos, Konstantinos C Thomopoulos, Vassilis Xourgias, Irini Mylonakou, Vassiliki N Nikolopoulou
George J Theocharis, Konstantinos C Thomopoulos, Vassiliki N Nikolopoulou, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
Stelios F Assimakopoulos, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
Vassiliki Arvaniti, Vassilis Xourgias, Irini Mylonakou, Department of Gastroenterology, “Tzaneio” General Hospital, Piraeus 18532, Greece
Author contributions: Theocharis GJ, Arvaniti V, Xourgias V and Mylonakou I acquired the data; Theocharis GJ performed the statistical analysis and wrote the paper; Assimakopoulos SF and Thomopoulos KC revised the paper; Nikolopoulou VN supervised this study.
Correspondence to: Stelios F Assimakopoulos, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Vironos 18, Patras 26224, Greece. sassim@upatras.gr
Telephone: +30-2610-346946
Fax: +30-2610-990775
Received: March 23, 2008
Revised: May 20, 2008
Accepted: May 27, 2008
Published online: July 7, 2008
Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the aetiology, clinical outcome and factors related to mortality of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) in octogenarians.

METHODS: We reviewed the records of all patients over 65 years old who were hospitalised with AUGIB in two hospitals from January 2006 to December of 2006. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (65-80 years old) and Group B (> 80 years old).

RESULTS: Four hundred and sixteen patients over 65 years of age were hospitalized because of AUGIB. Group A included 269 patients and Group B 147 patients. Co-morbidity was more common in octogenarians (P = 0.04). The main cause of bleeding was peptic ulcer in both groups. Rebleeding and emergency surgery were uncommon in octogenarians and not different from those in younger patients. In-hospital complications were more common in octogenarians (P = 0.05) and more patients died in the group of octogenarians compared to the younger age group (P = 0.02). Inability to perform endoscopic examination (P = 0.002), presence of high risk for rebleeding stigmata (P = 0.004), urea on admission (P = 0.036), rebleeding (P = 0.004) and presence of severe co-morbidity (P < 0.0001) were related to mortality. In multivariate analysis, only the presence of severe co-morbidity was independently related to mortality (P = 0.032).

CONCLUSION: While rebleeding and emergency surgery rates are relatively low in octogenarians with AUGIB, the presence of severe co-morbidity is the main factor of adverse outcome.

Keywords: Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding; Octogenarians; Elderly; Co-morbidity; Mortality