Basic Research
Copyright ©2007 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 28, 2007; 13(4): 538-547
Published online Jan 28, 2007. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i4.538
Pretreatment with adenosine and adenosine A1 receptor agonist protects against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat
V Haktan Ozacmak, Hale Sayan
V Haktan Ozacmak, Hale Sayan, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Kozlu 67600, Zonguldak, Turkey
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.
Supported by Zonguldak Karaelmas University Research Projects Fund, No. 2003-01-09
Correspondence to: Dr. VH Ozacmak, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Kozlu 67600, Zonguldak, Turkey. vhaktan@yahoo.com
Telephone: +90-372-2610243 Fax: +90-372-2610264
Received: July 7, 2006
Revised: September 28, 2006
Accepted: November 3, 2006
Published online: January 28, 2007
Abstract

AIM: To examine the effects of adenosine and A1 receptor activation on reperfusion-induced small intestinal injury.

METHODS: Rats were randomized into groups with sham operation, ischemia and reperfusion, and systemic treatments with either adenosine or 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine, A1 receptor agonist or 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine, A1 receptor antagonist, plus adenosine before ischemia. Following reperfusion, contractions of ileum segments in response to KCl, carbachol and substance P were recorded. Tissue myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and reduced glutathione levels were measured.

RESULTS: Ischemia significantly decreased both contraction and reduced glutathione level which were ameliorated by adenosine and agonist administration. Treatment also decreased neutrophil infiltration and membrane lipid peroxidation. Beneficial effects of adenosine were abolished by pretreatment with A1 receptor antagonist.

CONCLUSION: The data suggest that adenosine and A1 receptor stimulation attenuate ischemic intestinal injury via decreasing oxidative stress, lowering neutrophil infiltration, and increasing reduced glutathione content.

Keywords: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 receptor; Intestinal ischemia; Pharmacological preconditioning