Gastric Cancer
Copyright ©2006 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 28, 2006; 12(36): 5772-5779
Published online Sep 28, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i36.5772
Risk factors of gastric cancer specific for tumor location and histology in Cali, Colombia
Francia Campos, Gabriel Carrasquilla, Chihaya Koriyama, Mauricio Serra, Edwin Carrascal, Tetsuhiko Itoh, Mitsuharu Nomoto, Suminori Akiba
Francia Campos, Chihaya Koriyama, Suminori Akiba, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Gabriel Carrasquilla, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Valle, San Fernando, Cali, Colombia
Mauricio Serra, Health Division, FES Foundation, Cali, Colombia
Edwin Carrascal, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Valle, San Fernando, Cali, Colombia
Tetsuhiko Itoh, Kaisei-en, Geriatric Health Services Facility, 551 Akasegawa, Akune, Kagoshima, Japan
Mitsuharu Nomoto, Department of Human Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.
Supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan, No. 12218231 and 17015037
Correspondence to: Suminori Akiba, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan. akiba@m.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-99-2755298 Fax: +81-99-2755299
Received: June 20, 2006
Revised: August 10, 2006
Accepted: August 17, 2006
Published online: September 28, 2006
Abstract

AIM: To examine histology- and tumor-location specific risk factors of gastric cancer (GC).

METHODS: This was a case-control study. The study subjects were 216 GC patients newly diagnosed during the period 2000-2002 and 431 controls selected from non-cancer patients matching in age, gender, and hospital. We obtained information on lifestyles, dietary habits, and others by a questionnaire.

RESULTS: The subjects who were not eldest among his/her siblings were at a slightly elevated GC risk (OR 1.3; 95% CI 0.8-2.0). Salting meals before tasting was related to an increased GC risk (OR 3.5; 95% CI 1.6- 7.3). Frequent consumptions of fruits (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-1.0) and vegetables (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-1.0) were related to decreased GC risks. On the other hand, frying foods (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.0-3.6) and cooking with coal (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.3-2.6) were related to increased GC risks. Neither Lauren’s histological classification (intestinal and diffuse types) nor tumor location significantly affected those associations except birth order. The subjects who were not eldest among his/her siblings had an increased risk of GCs in the distal and middle thirds, and their ORs were 1.7 (95% CI 1.0-2.8) and 1.9 (95% CI 0.8-4.3), respectively. The corresponding OR in the upper third stomach was 0.3 (95% CI 0.1-0.9). The differences of those three ORs were statistically significant (P = 0.010).

CONCLUSION: The present study shows that birth order, salt intake, consumption of fruits and vegetables, the type of cooking, and cigarette smoking are related to GC risk. In histology and tumor-location specific analyses, non-eldest person among their siblings is related to an increased GC risk in the distal and middle thirds of the stomach, and is related to a decreased GC risk in the cardia.

Keywords: Gastric cancer; Risk factor; Tumor location; Histological type; Colombia