Case Report
Copyright ©2006 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2006; 12(32): 5247-5252
Published online Aug 28, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i32.5247
Spinal cord compression secondary to bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma
Dinesh Chandra Doval, Komal Bhatia, Ashok Kumar Vaid, Keechelat Pavithran, Jai Bhagwan Sharma, Digant Hazarika, Amarnath Jena
Dinesh Chandra Doval, Komal Bhatia, Ashok Kumar Vaid, Keechelat Pavithran, Jai Bhagwan Sharma, Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini Sector-5, Delhi-110085, India
Digant Hazarika, Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini Sector-5, Delhi-110085, India
Amarnath Jena, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini Sector-5, Delhi-110085, India
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.
Correspondence to: Dinesh Chandra Doval, Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini Sector-5, Delhi-110085, India. dcdoval@yahoo.com
Telephone: +91-11-27051011 Fax: +91-11-27051037
Received: June 22, 2005
Revised: October 16, 2005
Accepted: October 26, 2005
Published online: August 28, 2006
Abstract

Bone metastases are rare in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Spinal cord compression (SCC) due to bone metastases occur commonly in patients with lung and breast carcinomas, and metastatic HCC is an unusual cause of SCC. Spinal cord compression is an oncologic emergency and treatment delays can lead to irreversible consequences. Thus, the awareness that SCC could be a potential complication of bone metastases due to HCC is of significance in initiation of early treatment that can improve the quality of life and survival of the patients, if diagnosed earlier. This paper describes four cases of primary HCC with varied manifestations of SCC due to bone metastases. The first patient presented primarily with the symptoms of bone pains corresponding to the bone metastases sites rather than symptoms of associated hepatic pathology and eventually developed SCC. The second patient, diagnosed as having HCC, developed extradural SCC leading to paraplegia during the course of illness, for which he underwent emergency laminectomy with posterior fixation. The third patient developed SCC soon after the primary diagnosis and had to undergo emergency laminectomy. Post laminectomy he had good neurological recovery. The Fourth patient presented primarily with radicular pains rather than frank paraplegia as the first manifestation of SCC.

Keywords: Alpha feto protein; External beam radiotherapy; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Laminectomy; Spinal cord compression