Liver Cancer
Copyright ©2006 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2006; 12(1): 48-53
Published online Jan 7, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i1.48
Hepatocellular carcinoma in extremely elderly patients: An analysis of clinical characteristics, prognosis and patient survival
Gengo Tsukioka, Satoru Kakizaki, Naondo Sohara, Ken Sato, Hitoshi Takagi, Hirotaka Arai, Takehiko Abe, Mitsuo Toyoda, Kenji Katakai, Akira Kojima, Yuichi Yamazaki, Toshiyuki Otsuka, Yutaka Matsuzaki, Fujio Makita, Daisuke Kanda, Katsuhiko Horiuchi, Tetsuya Hamada, Mieko Kaneko, Hideyuki Suzuki, Masatomo Mori
Gengo Tsukioka, Satoru Kakizaki, Naondo Sohara, Ken Sato, Hitoshi Takagi, Masatomo Mori, Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
Hirotaka Arai, Takehiko Abe, Department of Gastroenterology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0014, Japan
Mitsuo Toyoda, Kenji Katakai, Department of Internal Medicine, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Isesaki, Gunma 372-0817, Japan
Akira Kojima, Department of Internal Medicine, Kiryu Kousei General Hospital, Kiryu, Gunma 376-0024, Japan
Yuichi Yamazaki, Toshiyuki Otsuka, Department of Internal Medicine, Tone Chuo Hospital, Numata, Gunma 378-0053, Japan
Yutaka Matsuzaki, Fujio Makita, Department of Gastr-oenterology, National Nishigunma Hospital, Shibukawa, Gunma 377-0027, Japan
Daisuke Kanda, Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0821, Japan
Katsuhiko Horiuchi, Department of Gastroenterology, Public Tomioka General Hospital, Tomioka, Gunma 370-2361, Japan
Tetsuya Hamada, Mieko Kaneko, Department of Internal Medicine, Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd., Health Insurance Society General Ota Hospital, Ota, Gunma 373-0056, Japan
Hideyuki Suzuki, Department of Gastroenterology, Shimada Memorial Hospital, Fujioka, Gunma 375-0024, Japan
Supported by the grant of the Center of Excellence, Biomedical Research using accelerator technology
Correspondence to: Satoru Kakizaki, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. kakizaki@showa.gunma-u.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-27-2208127 Fax: +81-27-2208136
Received: May 24, 2005
Revised: June 28, 2005
Accepted: July 5, 2005
Published online: January 7, 2006
Abstract

AIM: To identify the clinical and prognostic features of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) aged 80 years or more.

METHODS: A total of 1310 patients with HCC were included in this study. Ninety-one patients aged 80 years or more at the time of diagnosis of HCC were defined as the extremely elderly group. Two hundred and thirty-four patients aged ≥ 50 years but less than 60 years were regarded as the non-elderly group.

RESULTS: The sex ratio (male to female) was significantly lower in the extremely elderly group (0.90:1) than in the non-elderly group (3.9:1, P < 0.001). The positive rate for HBsAg was significantly lower in the extremely elderly group and the proportion of patients negative for HBsAg and HCVAb obviously increased in the extremely elderly group (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the following parameters: diameter and number of tumors, Child-Pugh grading, tumor staging, presence of portal thrombosis or ascites, and positive rate for HCVAb. Extremely elderly patients did not often receive surgical treatment (P < 0.001) and they were more likely to receive conservative treatment (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in survival curves based on the Kaplan-Meier methods in comparison with the overall patients between the two groups. However, the survival curves were significantly worse in the extremely elderly patients with stage I/II, stage I/II and Child-Pugh grade A cirrhosis in comparison with the non-elderly group. The causes of death did not differ among the patients, and most cases died of liver-related diseases even in the extremely elderly patients.

CONCLUSION: In the patients with good liver functions and good performance status, aggressive treatment for HCC might improve the survival rate, even in extremely elderly patients.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Extremely elderly patients; Survival analysis; Cause of death