Rapid Communication
Copyright ©2005 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 7, 2005; 11(45): 7142-7147
Published online Dec 7, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7142
Using the polymerase chain reaction coupled with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to investigate the association between bacterial translocation and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in predicted acute severe pancreatitis
Callum B Pearce, Vitaly Zinkevich, Iwona Beech, Viera Funjika, Ana Garcia Ruiz, Afraa Aladawi, Hamish D Duncan
Callum B Pearce, Hamish D Duncan, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Vitaly Zinkevich, Iwona Beech, Viera Funjika, Ana Garcia Ruiz, Afraa Aladawi, Microbiology Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.
Supported by a grant from Fresenius-Kabi Ltd
Correspondence to: Callum B Pearce, Senior Registrar in Gastroenterology, Diagnostic Procedures Unit, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, WA 6011, Australia. pearcey@screaming.net
Telephone: +61-415-668-466 Fax: +61-894-312-340
Received: November 9, 2004
Revised: February 18, 2005
Accepted: February 21, 2005
Published online: December 7, 2005
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the use of PCR and DGGE to investigate the association between bacterial translocation and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in predicted severe AP.

METHODS: Patients with biochemical and clinical evidence of acute pancreatitis and an APACHE II score ≥8 were enrolled. PCR and DGGE were employed to detect bacterial translocation in blood samples collected on d 1, 3, and 8 after the admission. Standard microbial blood cultures were taken when there was clinical evidence of sepsis or when felt to be clinically indicated by the supervising team.

RESULTS: Six patients were included. Of all the patients investigated, only one developed septic complications; the others had uneventful illness. Bacteria were detected using PCR in 4 of the 17 collected blood samples. The patient with sepsis was PCR-positive in two samples (taken on d 1 and 3), despite three negative blood cultures. Using DGGE and specific primers, the bacteria in all blood specimens which tested positive for the presence of bacterial DNA were identified as E coli.

CONCLUSION: Our study confirmed that unlike traditional microbiological techniques, PCR can detect the presence of bacteria in the blood of patients with severe AP. Therefore, this latter method in conjunction with DGGE is potentially an extremely useful tool in predicting septic morbidity and evaluating patients with the disease. Further research using increased numbers of patients, in particular those patients with necrosis and sepsis, is required to assess the reliability of PCR and DGGE in the rapid diagnosis of infection in AP.

Keywords: Polymerase chain reaction; Acute pancreatitis; Bacterial translocation