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Nagi SAM, Yehia SA, Elhagali YA, Elkholy SS, Abd-Elaati BM. Have serum vitamin D and ferritin a role in predicting the prognosis of autoimmune hepatitis treatment in children? Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 10:53-61. [PMID: 38765911 PMCID: PMC11100337 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2024.136927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study To investigate whether serum ferritin and vitamin D levels before starting autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) treatment have a role in disease prognosis regarding a therapeutic response. Material and methods The prospective study included 100 children diagnosed with AIH according to simplified criteria for diagnosis of AIH. They attended the Pediatric Hepatology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University. The patients underwent measurement of liver transaminases before starting AIH treatment after 6 months from starting therapy. They underwent liver biopsy before starting treatment for proper diagnosis, grading, and staging; only 25 cases were compliant and underwent liver biopsy before treatment withdrawal. Results Serum ferritin and 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels were significantly higher among those with a complete response (1000-3100 ng/ml, 29-48 ng/ml) than a partial response (550-600 ng/ml, 23-28 ng/ml) and non-response (29.28-92.14, 2.16-8.72) (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our study showed a relation between serum vitamin D before starting AIH treatment, the severity of AIH and response to therapy. This opens a new area of research on the potential use of vitamin D in patients with AIH. Also, hyperferritinemia at the diagnosis can predict the treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Abdel Megeed Nagi
- Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sania Ali Yehia
- Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Yasmen Abdelaziz Elhagali
- Laboratory Medicine Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Saad Elkholy
- Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Basma Mahmoud Abd-Elaati
- Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
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Nagi SAM, Zakaria HM, Elkhadry SW, Hamed WE, Gaballa NK, Elkholy SS. APRI and FIB-4 indices as diagnostic noninvasive scores for prediction of severe fibrosis in patients with biliary atresia. Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 9:251-264. [PMID: 37790682 PMCID: PMC10544056 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2023.130699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study Biliary atresia (BA) is a blockage in the tubes (ducts) that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder. The aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio (APRI), and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scores are commonly used compound surrogates for advanced fibrosis. However, the use of APRI and FIB-4 entails a risk of overestimating the fibrosis stage due to the impact of necroinflammatory activity on transaminases. So, we determined the optimal cutoff values of the APRI and FIB-4 indices in prediction of fibrosis in BA patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the validity of the APRI and FIB-4 indices in prediction of fibrosis in patients with BA. Material and methods A cross sectional hospital-based study was conducted on 121 children complaining of BA attending the National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt, during the period from January 2022 to February 2023. Results The APRI score was significantly higher among neglected BA than BA type II a, BA type III, type II b and type I (p = 0.001). Also FIB-4 was significantly higher among neglected BA than BA type II a, BA type II b, type III and type I (p = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the cutoff point of the APRI score in prediction of fibrosis in patients with BA was 1.29, with sensitivity of 88.6% and specificity of 76.0%, while the cutoff point of FIB-4 in prediction of fibrosis in patients with BA was 9.82 with sensitivity of 89.0% and specificity of 70.0%. Conclusions Our study confirms that FIB-4 and APRI scores are both able to predict severe fibrosis. APRI score and FIB-4 are good non-invasive alternatives to liver biopsy in the detection of liver fibrosis and its extent in patients with BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Abdel Megeed Nagi
- Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology, and Nutrition Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Hazem Mohamed Zakaria
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sally Waheed Elkhadry
- Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Wesam Elzanaty Hamed
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Nahla Kamel Gaballa
- Aneathesia Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Saad Elkholy
- Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
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3
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Tran LC, Ley D, Bourdon G, Coopman S, Lerisson H, Tillaux C, Béhal H, Gottrand F, Aumar M. Noninvasive Pediatric Liver Fibrosis Measurement: Two-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography Compared With Transient Elastography. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:849815. [PMID: 35573968 PMCID: PMC9095976 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.849815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although transient elastography (TE) is the primary noninvasive method for assessing liver fibrosis, its use remains to be validated in children. This study aims to evaluate the agreement between two-dimensional ultrasound shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and TE to assess pediatric liver stiffness method. METHODS During the 18-month study, we prospectively included 101 consecutive children (median age: 8.5 years, range: 1 month to 17 years) who required TE for medical reasons, and in whom 2D-SWE measurement was performed within a 3-month follow-up during a routine ultrasound. Liver elasticity values were classified according to the Metavir score using published pediatric norms for TE and according to the manufacturer's reference values for 2D-SWE. The Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the elasticity measured by the two techniques. Concordance was described by the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS A strong correlation (rho = 0.70, p < 0.001) was found between 2D-SWE and TE for the elasticity measures. The strength of correlation was higher among patients older than 6 years (rho = 0.79, p < 0.001). Concordance between liver fibrosis stages assessed by these techniques was moderate [weighted kappa = 0.46, (95% CI: 0.35-0.57)]. When considering stages over F2, 2D-SWE diagnostic performances showed a sensitivity of 85% (95% CI: 74-92) and a specificity of 57% (95% CI: 42-70) compared with TE. CONCLUSION Measurements of the liver stiffness using 2D-SWE and TE are strongly correlated. The moderate concordance between these techniques for assessing the liver fibrosis stage provides evidence against alternating between these methods during follow-up of patients with the chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Chantal Tran
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Ley
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille and University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gurvan Bourdon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille and University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Coopman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille and University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Héloïse Lerisson
- Department of Paediatric Imaging, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Céline Tillaux
- Department of Paediatric Imaging, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hélène Béhal
- University of Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694 - METRICS: Évaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Gottrand
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille and University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Madeleine Aumar
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille and University of Lille, Lille, France
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4
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Behairy OG, El-Shimi OS, Shalan NH. Comparative study between liver biopsy and non-invasive biomarkers in assessment of hepatic fibrosis in children with chronic liver diseases. EGYPTIAN PEDIATRIC ASSOCIATION GAZETTE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43054-021-00072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Liver biopsy is the gold standard for detecting the degree of liver fibrosis; however, invasiveness constitutes its main limiting factor in clinical application, so we aimed to evaluate the non-invasive biomarker formulas (APRI and FIB-4) and their modified forms by BMI z-score (M-APRI, M-FIB-4, and B-AST) compared to liver biopsy in the assessment of liver fibrosis in children with chronic liver diseases. Two hundred children aged 6.3 ± 3.8 years (98 males, 102 females) with chronic liver diseases underwent liver biopsy. The stage of fibrosis was assessed according to the METAVIR system for all children, and the following non-invasive biomarker formulas were calculated: APRI, modified APRI (M-APRI: BMI z-score × APRI), Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), modified FIB-4 (M-FIB-4: BMI z-score × FIB-4), and B-AST (BMI z-score × AST). The best cutoff value was calculated to detect early fibrosis (F1–F2) from advanced liver fibrosis (F3–F4).
Results
There were positive correlations between all studied non-invasive biomarker models (APRI, FIB-4, M-APRI, M-FIB-4, B-AST) and fibrosis score as an increase in fibrosis score was associated with an increase in mean ± SD of all studied biomarker formulas. The best cutoff values of non-invasive biomarker models in the diagnosis of early fibrosis (F1–F2) were APRI > 0.96, M-APRI > 0.16, FIB-4 > 0.019, M-FIB-4 > 0.005, and B-AST > −8 with an area under the curve above 0.7 each, while the best cutoff values of non-invasive biomarker models (APRI, M-APRI, FIB-4, M-FIB-4, and B-AST) in the diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis (F3–F4) were >1.96, >2.2, >0.045, and >0.015, >92.1, respectively, with an area under the curve above 0.8 each.
Conclusion
APRI, M-APRI, FIB-4, M-FIB-4, and B-AST are good non-invasive alternatives to liver biopsy in the detection of liver fibrosis in children with chronic liver diseases of different etiologies especially those that include BMI z-scores in their formulas.
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Aydos LR, do Amaral LA, Jacobowski AC, de Souza RS, Parisotto EB, de Menezes MB, Junior FFB, Fernandes ES, Silva IS, Portugal LC, Oliveira CG, Masuko GTS, Cavalheiro LF, Nazário CED, Dos Santos EF, Macedo MLR. Buriti pulp oil did not improve high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in c57bl/6 mice. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:364-375. [PMID: 33226712 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity are growing in many parts of the world, becoming public health problems. It is proposed that foods with functional properties can assist in the treatment of these diseases. Crude buriti pulp oil (BPO) is a food traditionally consumed by residents in the Pantanal, Cerrado and Brazilian Amazon. It is rich in oleic acid, tocopherols and carotenoids, emerging as a potential functional food. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of BPO on metabolic disorders caused by a high-fat diet. Four groups of C57BL6 mice were used, a lean group with AIN-93M diet and control oil supplementation, an obese group with a high-fat diet and control oil supplementation, and two obese groups with a high-fat diet and BPO supplementation in the amounts of 50 and 100 mg/kg. BPO worsened the metabolic state caused by the high-fat diet, worsening risk factors associated with MetS, as the abdominal circumference and retroperitoneal fat, serum levels of total cholesterol, uric acid, alanine transaminase, glucose and triglycerides, and renal fat, in addition to changes in glycaemic control and oxidative stress markers. C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet and supplemented with BPO presented a worsening in metabolic risk factors associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Recena Aydos
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine (FAMED), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Protein Purification Laboratory and its Biological Functions (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Luane Aparecida do Amaral
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine (FAMED), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Jacobowski
- Protein Purification Laboratory and its Biological Functions (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food, and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Serafim de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine (FAMED), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Protein Purification Laboratory and its Biological Functions (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Benedetti Parisotto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food, and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Biava de Menezes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food, and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Francisco Bittencourt Junior
- Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados (UNIGRAN), Dourados - MS, Brazil
- Clinical analysis laboratory, University Center of Grande Dourados (UNIGRAN), Dourados - MS, Brazil
| | - Emely Schuindt Fernandes
- Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados (UNIGRAN), Dourados - MS, Brazil
- Clinical analysis laboratory, University Center of Grande Dourados (UNIGRAN), Dourados - MS, Brazil
| | - Iandara Schettert Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Disease Models, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Luciane Candeloro Portugal
- Bioscience Institute (INBIO), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Gonçalves Oliveira
- Bioscience Institute (INBIO), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Elisvânia Freitas Dos Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food, and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
| | - Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo
- Protein Purification Laboratory and its Biological Functions (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food, and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande - MS, Brazil
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6
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do Amaral LA, Farias Pereira Subtil Cavalcante AC, da Silva Fleming de Almeida T, Marques Romeiro Santos M, Candeloro Portugal L, Suzuki Dos Santos B, Bittencourt FF, Troquez T, Domingues Nazário CE, Fontoura Cavalheiro L, Murino Rafacho BP, Monreal ACD, Oliveira RJ, Freitas Dos Santos E. Acute and subacute (28 days) oral toxicity studies of tucum almond oil ( Bactris Setosa Mart.) in mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:1754-1760. [PMID: 33441004 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1871737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Oils extracted from almonds are often used with particular interest due to their prospective health effects and benefits. Tucum is a Pantanal fruit widely consumed by local population and no in vivo toxicity studies regarding its safety are available in the literature to date. This study investigated the acute and subacute toxicity of tucum almond oil (TAO) in mice by evaluating its safety profile. For the acute (2000 mg/kg) and subacute (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) toxicity studies, TAO was administered orally to mice according to 425 and 407 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Guidelines, respectively. Food intake, body, and organ weight of animals were recorded. Signs of toxicity were assessed, and hematological, biochemical and histopathological analyses were performed. In the acute toxicity study, no mortality or behavioral changes were observed in mice treated with 2000 mg/kg, indicating that LD50 is higher than this dose. In the subacute toxicity test, the doses evaluated did not produce relevant changes in hematological, biochemical or histopathological parameters in the exposed animals. The data obtained suggest that TAO did not induce toxicity after exposure to a single or repeated doses and LD50 value may be considered to be more than 2000 mg/kg body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luane Aparecida do Amaral
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mirelly Marques Romeiro Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Bárbara Suzuki Dos Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Troquez
- Clinical Laboratory, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruna Paola Murino Rafacho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.,Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre, Maria Aparecida Pedrossian, University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Elisvânia Freitas Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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7
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Progress and Barriers Towards Elimination of Chronic Hepatitis C in Children. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2020; 233:211-215. [PMID: 33339066 DOI: 10.1055/a-1304-3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a global health burden. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) accounts for most HCV infections in pediatric patients. Spontaneous viral clearance may occur in early childhood but is uncommon thereafter. Infection is usually asymptomatic during childhood, although without an effective treatment, vertically infected children may develop serious liver complications including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in adulthood. Despite the lack of vaccine against hepatitis C and effective post-exposure methods of prevention of MTCT, treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) raised the prospect of eliminating HCV on a population level. Highly effective, well-tolerated, oral, and interferon-free regimens of short duration have revolutionized treatment of CHC. However, access to these therapies might be limited because of its high cost. In this review, we provide the current state of knowledge on the epidemiology, testing, monitoring and treating of HCV in children. We outline the remaining gaps in therapy and barriers to disease eradication.
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Loubet Filho PS, Santos TG, Reis VHDOT, Santee CM, da Costa MP, Cândido CJ, Filiú WFDO, Portugal LC, Dos Santos EF. Campomanesia sp. flour attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on rats fed with a hypercaloric diet. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1575-1582. [PMID: 32279410 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder caused by excess consumption of hypercaloric foods. Guavira (Campomanesia sp.) pulp has broad technological applicability, yet the peel and seeds are considered industrial residue. The objective of this unprecedented study was to evaluate the effects of the flour from guavira's industrial residue (GF) consumption in rats fed with hypercaloric diet (HD). During 65 days, 50 rats were separated into a control group: 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% HD with GF complementation in the diet. The GF chemical composition, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, serum biochemical parameters (glucose, cholesterol, HDL, non-HDL, triglycerides, AST, ALT, and oral glucose tolerance test), fat liver content, and hepatic histomorphology had been characterized. GF is mainly composed of fibres, with phenolic content of 7,391.09 mg AGE/100 g GF and relevant antioxidant capacity (IC50 2.22 and ORAC 155.68 μmol/TE g-1 ). Serum biochemical analysis did not differ statistically (except ALT reduction, p < .05). Fat liver content was smaller on HD2%GF (p < .0001). The control group and 1% GF showed greater diffuse microvesicular steatosis compared to the other groups when using hepatic morphological analysis (p < .05). GF consumption attenuated NAFLD caused by a hypercaloric diet, and this effect may be related to the fibre content and bioactive compounds in GF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Sérgio Loubet Filho
- College of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Course, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Thayná Gil Santos
- College of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Course, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Cynthia Monteiro Santee
- College of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Course, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pereira da Costa
- College of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition, Pharmacy Course, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Camila Jordão Cândido
- College of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition, Pharmacy Course, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Candeloro Portugal
- Histology Laboratory, College of Bioscience, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Elisvânia Freitas Dos Santos
- College of Pharmacy, Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Course, Postgraduate Program on Health and Development of Middle-West, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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9
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Jordão Candido C, Silva Figueiredo P, Del Ciampo Silva R, Candeloro Portugal L, Augusto dos Santos Jaques J, Alves de Almeida J, de Barros Penteado B, Albuquerque Dias D, Marcelino G, Pott A, Avellaneda Guimarães RDC, Aiko Hiane P. Protective Effect of α-Linolenic Acid on Non-Alcoholic Hepatic Steatosis and Interleukin-6 and -10 in Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010009. [PMID: 31861497 PMCID: PMC7019636 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is related to improvement in the inflammatory response associated with decreases in metabolic disorders of obesity, such as low-grade inflammation and hepatic steatosis. Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil is a primary source of n-3 fatty acids (FAs) of plant origin, particularly α-linolenic acid, and provides an alternative for the ingestion of n-3 PUFA by persons allergic to, or wishing to avoid, animal sources. In our study, we evaluated the effect of the consumption of different lipidic sources on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in Wistar rats. We split 56 male rats into four groups that were fed for 60 days with the following diets: sesame oil, (SO, Sesamum indicum), linseed oil (LO), SO + LO (SLO), and a control group (CG) fed with animal fat. Our results reveal that the use of LO or SLO produced improvements in the hepatic tissue, such as lower values of aspartate aminotransferase, liver weight, and hepatic steatosis. LO and SLO reduced the weight of visceral fats, weight gain, and mediated the inflammation through a decrease in interleukin (IL)-6 and increase in IL-10. Though we did not detect any significant differences in the intestine histology and the purinergic system enzymes, the consumption of α-linolenic acid appears to contribute to the inflammatory and hepatic modulation of animals compared with a diet rich in saturated FAs and or unbalanced in n-6/n-3 PUFAs, inferring possible use in treatment of metabolic disorders associated with obesity and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Jordão Candido
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (J.A.d.A.); (G.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(67)-981164594
| | - Priscila Silva Figueiredo
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (J.A.d.A.); (G.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Rafael Del Ciampo Silva
- Medical School Clinics Hospital Residency Program, University of São Paulo, USP, Ribeirão Preto 14015-010, Brazil;
| | | | - Jeandre Augusto dos Santos Jaques
- Biochemistry Sector, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.A.d.S.J.); (B.d.B.P.); (D.A.D.)
| | - Jeeser Alves de Almeida
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (J.A.d.A.); (G.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.)
- Research in Exercise and Nutrition in Health and Sports Performance - PENSARE, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Barros Penteado
- Biochemistry Sector, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.A.d.S.J.); (B.d.B.P.); (D.A.D.)
| | - Dhébora Albuquerque Dias
- Biochemistry Sector, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.A.d.S.J.); (B.d.B.P.); (D.A.D.)
| | - Gabriela Marcelino
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (J.A.d.A.); (G.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Arnildo Pott
- Posgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil;
| | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (J.A.d.A.); (G.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (J.A.d.A.); (G.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.)
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Reis VHDOT, Santee CM, Loubet Filho PS, Santos TG, Amianti C, Filiú WFDO, Rafacho BPM, Portugal LC, Santos EFD. The Effects of Supplementing Hancornia speciosa (Mangaba) on Bowel Motility and Inflammatory Profile of Wistar Rats. J Med Food 2019; 22:1254-1261. [PMID: 31329496 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders, such as constipation, has been increasing. Genetic factors and lifestyle are some of the etiologies of this issue, affecting the health of the population. Natural products have properties that contribute to health maintenance and health promotion, including reduction of the inflammatory process. Hancornia speciosa, popularly known as mangaba, is an abundant and native fruit in the Brazilian Cerrado, commercialized for culinary purposes and used because of its pharmacological properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the supplementation of different concentrations of mangaba pulp can improve intestinal motility and bowel health in Wistar rats. Forty male rats were divided into five groups. The experiment lasted 14 days and the groups were tested with water, industrialized laxative jelly made from tamarind as medication, or mangaba at 5, 10, and 15 mL/kg of body weight. Food intake, weight gain, ion balance, intestinal motility, and histopathological analysis of the small intestine, large intestine, and liver were evaluated. Supplementation of mangaba pulp at its highest concentration (15 mL/kg body weight) caused a 15% increase in the distance traveled by the charcoal meal, and a decrease in serum magnesium levels and white cells in both the small and large intestines. The results suggest that mangaba pulp presents laxative, anti-inflammatory properties and that its consumption is beneficial and should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cynthia Monteiro Santee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Loubet Filho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Thayná Gil Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Carolina Amianti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Bruna Paola Murino Rafacho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Elisvânia Freitas Dos Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Graduate Studies in Health and Development of the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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11
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Optimisation of children z-score calculation based on new statistical techniques. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208362. [PMID: 30571681 PMCID: PMC6301782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Expressing anthropometric parameters (height, weight, BMI) as z-score is a key principle in the clinical assessment of children and adolescents. The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts and the CDC-LMS method for z-score calculation are widely used to assess growth and nutritional status, though they can be imprecise in some percentiles. Objective To improve the accuracy of z-score calculation by revising the statistical method using the original data used to develop current z-score calculators. Design A Gaussian Process Regressions (GPR) was designed and internally validated. Z-scores for weight-for-age (WFA), height-for-age (HFA) and BMI-for-age (BMIFA) were compared with WHO and CDC-LMS methods in 1) standard z-score cut-off points, 2) simulated population of 3000 children and 3) real observations 212 children aged 2 to 18 yo. Results GPR yielded more accurate calculation of z-scores for standard cut-off points (p<<0.001) with respect to CDC-LMS and WHO approaches. WFA, HFA and BMIFA z-score calculations based on the 3 different methods using simulated and real patients, showed a large variation irrespective of gender and age. Z-scores around 0 +/- 1 showed larger variation than the values above and below +/- 2. Conclusion The revised z-score calculation method was more accurate than CDC-LMS and WHO methods for standard cut-off points. On simulated and real data, GPR based calculation provides more accurate z-score determinations, and thus, a better classification of patients below and above cut-off points. Statisticians and clinicians should consider the potential benefits of updating their calculation method for an accurate z-score determination.
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Pawlowska M, Sobolewska-Pilarczyk M, Domagalski K. Hepatitis C virus infection in children in the era of direct-acting antiviral. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:2555-2566. [PMID: 29962813 PMCID: PMC6021773 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i24.2555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains an important global health problem with chronic infection affecting approximately 11 million children worldwide. The emergence of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies and the development of non-invasive methods for the determination of liver fibrosis will significantly improve the management of paediatric patients with chronic HCV infection in subsequent years. For paediatric patients, a new era of highly effective DAA agents is beginning, and the first results of available clinical trials are very promising. In this era, the identification and monitoring of patients continues to be an important issue. The availability of non-invasive serological and imaging methods to measure hepatic fibrosis enables the identification of patients with significant or advanced liver fibrosis stages. This article summarizes the current data on the epidemiology and progress of research aimed to evaluate the new therapies and non-invasive methods for liver injury in paediatric patients with chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Pawlowska
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz 85-030, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Sobolewska-Pilarczyk
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz 85-030, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Domagalski
- Centre For Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń 87-100, Poland
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Clinical usefulness of new noninvasive serum biomarkers for the assessment of liver fibrosis and steatosis in children with chronic hepatitis C. Clin Exp Hepatol 2017; 3:198-202. [PMID: 29255808 PMCID: PMC5731428 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2017.71337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study Recently, novel serum markers modified by the body mass index z-score (BMI z-score) were proposed as a reliable noninvasive alternative for the detection of significant fibrosis and steatosis in children with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of these biomarkers. Material and methods Thirty children aged 9.4 ± 3.7 years (14 males, 16 females) with CHC were included in this study. In all patients, histopathological evaluation of the liver fibrosis was performed using a 5-point METAVIR scoring system (≥ 2 points = significant fibrosis). Significant steatosis was diagnosed with > 33% of hepatocytes affected. The following noninvasive markers of liver disease were calculated: the modified aspartate transaminase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (M-APRI: BMI z-score × APRI), the modified Fibrosis-4 index (M-FIB-4: BMI z-score × FIB-4), and a novel marker, B-AST (BMI z-score × AST). The clinically useful cut-offs for each marker were selected as simple round numbers, indicating significant fibrosis and steatosis. Results Significant fibrosis was detected in 7/30 (23%) cases, and significant steatosis was observed in 4 (13%) patients. Comparison with the histopathological evaluation revealed that B-AST < 0 excluded significant fibrosis, and < 100 excluded all patients with significant steatosis. For the M-APRI, < 0 excluded significant fibrosis, and < 0.5 excluded significant steatosis. For the M-FIB-4, < 0 excluded significant fibrosis and < 0.2 excluded significant steatosis. Conclusions Negative values of all three markers that included the BMI z-score excluded all patients with both significant fibrosis and significant steatosis.
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