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1
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Joshi A, Kumar R, Shah M, Mui R, Hiatt TK. Unusual Presentation of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Gastric Lipoma and Concomitant Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Case Report. Clin Case Rep 2025; 13:e70311. [PMID: 40093936 PMCID: PMC11908840 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.70311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 03/02/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Active Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may contribute to the ulceration and hemorrhage of otherwise benign gastric lipomas. This case highlights the utility of combining invasive and non-invasive testing of H. pylori in bleeding gastric ulcers and emphasizes the critical role of H. pylori testing and eradication in bleeding gastric lipomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Joshi
- Internal MedicineMichigan State UniversityLansingMichiganUSA
| | - Rohan Kumar
- Internal MedicineMichigan State UniversityLansingMichiganUSA
| | - Maitri Shah
- Internal MedicineMichigan State UniversityLansingMichiganUSA
| | - Ryan Mui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical FacultyMichigan State UniversityLansingMichiganUSA
| | - Tadd Kaeo Hiatt
- Department of GastroenterologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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2
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Walle M, Tesfaye A, Agidew MM, Semaw M, Mekuria S, Getu F. The association of Helicobacter pylori infection with the risk of anemia in children: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2025; 25:23. [PMID: 39762773 PMCID: PMC11702240 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children are among the most vulnerable groups for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, which was linked with an increased risk of anemia. H. pylori infection may cause the development of anemia through affecting the absorption of different micronutrients and increasing hepcidin production from hepatocytes. This study aimed to assess the effect of H. pylori infection on the occurrence of anemia in children. METHODOLOGY Previously published articles were systematically searched on major databases including Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Science Citation Index using search terms. The search results were imported into EndNote X9 to organize and remove duplicates. Then, relevant data was extracted and analyzed using STATA version 16.0. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated to evaluate the associations of H. pylori infection with Anemia. Moreover, pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of Hemoglobin (Hgb) and Serum ferritin (SF) levels between cases and controls were calculated for group comparisons. RESULTS A total of nine published articles were included in this study. The result showed that H. pylori-infected children had 2.68 times more risk of developing anemia compared to H. pylori-negative children (OR: 2.68:95% CI:1.44-4.99, p = 0.002). Subgroup analyses based on study design showed an increased significant association between H. pylori infection and anemia among case-control studies (OR:3.792:95%CI;1.767, 8.142, p = 0.001). Subgroup analyses based on the H. pylori detection method indicated an increased significant association between H. pylori infection and anemia when the stool antigen test method was used (OR:3.801;95%CI:1.090,13.250, p = 0.036). Moreover, there was a significant decrement of Hgb and SF levels in the H. pylori positive group compared to the negative group with SMD of -0.54(95%CI: -0.65, -0.42, p < 0.001) and - 0.49(95% CI: -0.91, -0.08, p < 0.020), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that children with H. pylori infection are at a higher risk of developing anemia as compared to non-infected children. Moreover, the observed decrease in Hgb and SF levels in infected children suggests that H. pylori may contribute to the development of anemia. Future research need to focus on the mechanisms by which H. pylori infection contributes to anemia, as well as the potential benefits of targeted interventions in reducing both H. pylori prevalence and anemia rates in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluken Walle
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, P.O.Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Addisu Tesfaye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Mekonnen Agidew
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Semaw
- Medical Laboratory Unit, Sanja General Hospital, Amhara National Regional State Health Bureau, Sanja, Ethiopia
| | - Surafel Mekuria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Fasil Getu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
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Hu KY, Tseng PH, Liou JM, Tu CH, Chen CC, Lee YC, Chiu HM, Wu MS. Rebound of Reflux-Related Symptoms After Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Prospective Randomized Study. Helicobacter 2025; 30:e70023. [PMID: 40007457 DOI: 10.1111/hel.70023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2024] [Revised: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE We aimed to assess the effects of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the rebound of reflux-related symptoms among gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients. METHODS This prospective randomized study recruited patients with typical reflux symptoms and reflux esophagitis on esophagogastroduodenoscopy (NCT02934152). Patients positive for H. pylori via a urea breath test (UBT) were randomly assigned to receive bacterial eradication with triple therapy for 2 weeks either before or after proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment for 4 weeks. Follow-up was implemented with serial GerdQ evaluation and a subsequent UBT. The primary outcome was the incidence rates of symptom rebound between patients with and without H. pylori infection. The secondary outcomes included the severity of symptom rebound, incidence rates of symptom rebound, and successful eradication rates between the early and late eradication groups. RESULTS A total of 248 patients were enrolled, of whom 107 (43.1%) tested positive for H. pylori infection. All patients with and without concurrent H. pylori infection had significant symptom improvement over the entire treatment. Patients with H. pylori infection had significantly lower rates of symptom rebound (19.8% vs. 34.2%, p = 0.034) and rebound severity (1.8 ± 0.7 vs. 2.8 ± 1.6, p = 0.031) 4 weeks after eradication and PPI treatment than those without. The incidence rates of symptom rebound and successful eradication rates were not significantly different between the early and late eradication groups. CONCLUSIONS GERD patients with concurrent H. pylori infection were less susceptible to symptom rebound after H. pylori eradication compared to those without. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT02934152).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yu Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Huei Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endoscopy, Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Tu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chuan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Mo Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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4
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Sadighi A, Aghamohammadpour Z, Sadeghpour Heravi F, Somi MH, Masnadi Shirazi Nezhad K, Hosseini S, Bahman Soufiani K, Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo H. The protective effects of Helicobacter pylori: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN CLINICAL MEDICINE 2024; 12:17. [DOI: 10.34172/jrcm.34509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Previous reports have estimated that approximately half of the world’s population is infected with Helicobacter pylori, the most prevalent infectious agent responsible for gastrointestinal illnesses. Due to the life-threatening effects of H. pylori infections, numerous studies have focused on developing medical therapies for H. pylori infections, while the commensal relationship and positive impacts of this bacterium on overall human health have been largely overlooked. The inhibitory efficacy of H. pylori on the progression of several chronic inflammatory disorders and gastrointestinal diseases has recently raised concerns about whether this bacterium should be eradicated in affected individuals or maintained in an appropriate balance depending on the patient’s condition. This review investigates the beneficial effects of H. pylori in preventing various diseases and discusses the potential association of conditions such as inflammatory disorders with the absence of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sadighi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Aghamohammadpour
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Katayoun Bahman Soufiani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences and Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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Waldum H, Fossmark R. Inflammation and Digestive Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13503. [PMID: 37686307 PMCID: PMC10487643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is linked to carcinogenesis, particularly in the digestive organs, i.e., the stomach, colon, and liver. The mechanism of this effect has, however, only partly been focused on. In this review, we focus on different forms of chronic hepatitis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic gastritis, conditions predisposing individuals to the development of malignancy. Chronic inflammation may cause malignancy because (1) the cause of the chronic inflammation is itself genotoxic, (2) substances released from the inflammatory cells may be genotoxic, (3) the cell death induced by the inflammation induces a compensatory increase in proliferation with an inherent risk of mutation, (4) changes in cell composition due to inflammation may modify function, resulting in hormonal disturbances affecting cellular proliferation. The present review focuses on chronic gastritis (Helicobacter pylori or autoimmune type) since all four mechanisms may be relevant to this condition. Genotoxicity due to the hepatitis B virus is an important factor in hepatocellular cancer and viral infection can similarly be central in the etiology and malignancy of inflammatory bowel diseases. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the dominating cause of chronic gastritis and has not been shown to be genotoxic, so its carcinogenic effect is most probably due to the induction of atrophic oxyntic gastritis leading to hypergastrinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Waldum
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway;
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García MT, Garcia-Vargas JM, Fernández LAG, Cuevas P, Gracia I. Garlic Extracts: Effect of pH on Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1434. [PMID: 37511809 PMCID: PMC10381254 DOI: 10.3390/life13071434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work studies the influence of pH on the stability of thiosulfinates, compounds responsible for the bacteriostatic properties shown by ethanolic and acetonic garlic extracts (EGE and AGE) against the in vitro growth of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), a bacterium which is implicated in the etiology of diverse gastrointestinal diseases. The influence of pH and time on the stability of thiosulfinates and the microbiological activities of EGE and AGE has been evaluated at human body temperature (37 °C) and in a pH range of 0.9-4.7. A marked decrease in thiosulfinate concentration was observed in a relatively short time at pH values below 2.0. However, at pH values over 2.0, the samples maintained 70% of thiosulfinate concentration for 12 h. The inhibition halo diameters showed a maximum value at pH 2.50, with an inhibition halo of 28.94 ± 0.61 mm. The reduction in the activity at pH values below 2.0 was particularly remarkable. These results suggest that, for medical application, the pH of the selected extracts must only be maintained above 2 to maintain a high level of antibacterial activity. This fact would overcome the need for proton pump inhibitors and/or antibiotics during the treatment of Hp infections in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa García
- Departamento Ingeniería Química, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13004 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Jesus Manuel Garcia-Vargas
- Departamento Ingeniería Química, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13004 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Luis Antonio Gómez Fernández
- Departamento Ingeniería Química, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13004 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Pedro Cuevas
- Histology Service, Hospital "Ramón y Cajal", Planta 10 Izda., Ctra. Colmenar Viejo Km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gracia
- Departamento Ingeniería Química, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13004 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Adejumo AC, Labonte P, Bukong TN. Relationship Between Recreational Cannabis Use and Helicobacter pylori Infection. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:537-546. [PMID: 34748370 PMCID: PMC10249739 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cannabis plant extracts suppress gastric acid secretion and inflammation, and promote gastroduodenal ulcer healing, all of which are triggered by Helicobacter Pylori infection (HPI). Here, we evaluate the association between cannabis use and HPI among a representative community sample. Materials and Methods: We identified respondents who completed cannabis use questions and were tested for HPI (H. pylori IgG antibody seropositivity) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III dataset (n=4556). Cannabis usage was categorized as ever-use (ever, never), cumulative lifetime use (>10-times, 1-10-times, never), or recent use (>31-days-ago, within-31-days, never). We calculated the crude and adjusted risk (prevalence rate ratio, cPRR and aPRR) of having HPI with cannabis use using generalized Poisson models (SAS 9.4). The models were adjusted for demographics and risk factors for HPI. Results: The prevalence of HPI was lower among ever versus never cannabis users (18.6% vs. 33%, p<0.0001). Cannabis use was associated with a decreased risk of HPI (cPRR: 0.56 confidence interval [95% CI: 0.47-0.67]; p<0.0001), which persisted after adjusting for demographics (aPRR: 0.75 [95% CI: 0.63-0.90]; p=0.0016) and comorbidities (aPRR: 0.79 [95% CI: 0.66-0.95]; p=0.0145). Further, individuals with >10-times lifetime cannabis use had a decreased risk of HPI compared with those with 1-10-times lifetime use (aPRR: 0.70 [95% CI: 0.55-0.89]; p=0.0011) and never-users (aPRR: 0.65 [95% CI: 0.50-0.84]; p=0.0002). Conclusion: Recreational cannabis use is associated with diminished risk of HPI. These observations suggest the need for additional research assessing the effects of medical cannabis formulations on HPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyinka Charles Adejumo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patrick Labonte
- Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Research Centre-INRS, Laval, Québec, Canada
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Kadoya K, Tanaka T, Mori N, Matono S, Hino H, Nishida R, Saisho K, Fujisaki M, Komukai S, Yanagawa T, Fujita H, Akagi Y. Changes in Acidity Levels in the Gastric Tube After Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer. Kurume Med J 2023. [PMID: 37005290 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.ms682005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Reflux esophagitis and gastric tube ulcer sometimes cause severe clinical problems in patients undergoing esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. We previously reported that acidity in the gastric tube was decreased for 1 year after esophagectomy, and that lower acidity levels were associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. However, the long-term changes in gastric acidity remain unknown. We aimed to investigate the long-term changes in gastric acidity after surgery. Eighty-nine patients who underwent esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction for esophageal cancer were analyzed. They underwent 24-hour pH monitoring, serum gastrin measurement, and H. pylori infection examination before surgery, at 1 month, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. The gastric acidity at 1 month and 1 year after surgery was significantly lower than that before surgery (p=0.003, p=0.003). However, there was no difference in gastric acidity before and 2 years after surgery. The gas tric acidity in H. pylori-infected patients was significantly lower in comparison to non-infected patients at each time point (p=0.0003, p<0.0001, p<0.0001, p<0.0001, respectively). In H. pylori-infected patients, gastric acid ity was decreased for 1 year after surgery, and recovered within 2 years after surgery. However, no significant differences were observed in the acidity levels of non-infected patients during the 2-year follow-up period. The serum gastrin level increased after esophagectomy. The acidity levels in the gastric tube recovered within 2 years after surgery. Periodic endoscopy examination is recommended for early detection of acid-related disease, such as reflux esophagitis or gastric tube ulcer, after esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Naoki Mori
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Satoru Matono
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Haruhiro Hino
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | | | - Kohei Saisho
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | | | - Syou Komukai
- Division of Biomedical Statistics, Department of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | | | | | - Yoshito Akagi
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine
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9
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Impact of gastric and bowel surgery on gastrointestinal drug delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:37-53. [PMID: 35585472 PMCID: PMC9726802 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
General surgical procedures on the gastrointestinal tract are commonly performed worldwide. Surgical resections of the stomach, small intestine, or large intestine can have a significant impact on the anatomy and physiological environment of the gastrointestinal tract. These physiological changes can affect the effectiveness of orally administered formulations and drug absorption and, therefore, should be considered in rational drug formulation design for specific pathological conditions that are commonly associated with surgical intervention. For optimal drug delivery, it is important to understand how different surgical procedures affect the short-term and long-term functionality of the gastrointestinal tract. The significance of the surgical intervention is dependent on factors such as the specific region of resection, the degree of the resection, the adaptive and absorptive capacity of the remaining tissue, and the nature of the underlying disease. This review will focus on the common pathological conditions affecting the gastric and bowel regions that may require surgical intervention and the physiological impact of the surgery on gastrointestinal drug delivery. The pharmaceutical considerations for conventional and novel oral drug delivery approaches that may be impacted by general surgical procedures of the gastrointestinal tract will also be addressed.
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10
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IL-1β, an important cytokine affecting Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastric carcinogenesis. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105933. [PMID: 36494022 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is prevalent around the world and responsible for gastric cancer (GC). The development of GC from gastritis is closely associated with the bacterial virulence and the body's immune response ability. In this process, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plays an important role. Under H. pylori infection, IL-1β is highly expressed that result in gastric acid inhibition, GC-related gene methylations and disfunctions, angiogenesis. Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome mediates IL-1β maturation in cells such as macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. But how does IL-1β get released across the cell membrane still unclear. In this review, we focus on the secretion mechanism of IL-1β across the membrane, and to explore the role of IL-1β in the progression of GC.
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11
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Success of 14-day triple and quadruple therapy for the control of Helicobacter pylori infections in Kohat district. Drug Target Insights 2022; 16:49-53. [PMID: 36582782 PMCID: PMC9768595 DOI: 10.33393/dti.2022.2481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is an important medical pathogen present in more than half of the world’s population. Various treatment regimen are in use for the eradication of H. pylori, but due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, its management is a big issue for clinicians. Methods: In this study all suspected cases that had visited District Headquarters Hospital Kohat were considered for screening of H. pylori infections. Preliminary information about their age, gender, general health conditions, occupation, etc. was taken for consideration. After recording initial signs and symptoms, samples were considered for H. pylori detection using stool antigen test and endoscopy. Fourteen-day proton pump inhibitor base triple and quadruple therapy were administered to each patient. Results: In total (n = 178), there were high numbers of positivity in patients aged below 30 years (82; 46.06%), most of whom belonged to rural areas. Conclusion: This study concludes that there were high numbers of positive patients aged below 30 years, and according to this study MEL (Metronidazole + Esomeprazole + Levofloxacin) is the most effective treatment regimen for the eradication of H. pylori.
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Shen W, Zhao X, Han Z, Miao Y, Huang H, Zhang Z, Dong L, Nie Y, Li H, Ni R. Efficacy and safety of polaprezinc in the treatment of gastric ulcer: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, positive-controlled clinical trial. Med Eng Phys 2022; 110:103860. [PMID: 35999163 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of polaprezinc compared with rebamipide in the treatment of gastric ulcers (GU). METHODS GU patients (n = 224) from 10 clinical centers were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into a control (n = 113) or test (n = 111) group. The control group was treated with rebamipide tablets, while the test group was treated with polaprezinc. The primary endpoint was the effective treatment rate, which was confirmed by gastroscopy after 8 weeks of treatment. The secondary efficacy endpoint was the improvement rate of gastrointestinal symptoms after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS The basic characteristics of the two groups were well balanced. For the primary efficacy endpoint, the effective rates confirmed by gastroscopy, after treatment for the test and control groups were 81.48% and 74.31% (P = 0.1557), respectively. After 4 and 8 weeks of treatments, both treatment groups had comparable improvements rates in gastrointestinal symptoms (test vs. control: 44.44% vs. 39.45% [P = 0.4559] and 81.48% vs. 77.06% [P = 0.4223]). Further, the two groups had similar adverse events and reactions to the study drugs. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the efficacy and safety of polaprezinc were similar to those of rebamipide in the treatment of GU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Yinglei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yuqiang Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Huimei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing 163316, China
| | - RunZhou Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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El Sheref SEDM, Afify S, Berengy MS. Clinical characteristics and predictors of esophagogastric variceal bleeding among patients with HCV-induced liver cirrhosis: An observational comparative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275373. [PMID: 36227871 PMCID: PMC9560135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and predictors of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced liver cirrhosis. METHODS This comparative observational study was carried out on 100 patients suffering from post hepatitis cirrhosis and portal hypertension who were admitted to the Internal Medicine Department, Al-Azhar University Hospital, Damietta Egypt. Patients were classified into two groups: 50 of them presented with esophagogastric varices with acute variceal bleeding, and 50 patients presented without bleeding. Data were collected, coded, revised, and entered into the Stata software version 16. RESULTS The mean age of patients with bleeding was slightly higher than those without bleeding (55.58 ± 5.89 vs. 52.54 ± 9.01 years), p = 0.049. Mild ascites, positive H.Pylori, and Child-Pugh score B and C were an independent predictors of esophagogastric variceal bleeding (OR = 0.036, 95% CI: 0.0004-0.36; p = 0.005), (OR = 7.36, 95% CI: 1.44-37.59; p = 0.016), (OR = 19.0, 95% CI: 2.02-186.3; p = 0.010), and (OR = 40.51, 95% CI: 2.18-751.31; p = 0.013). The sensitivity of this model was 93.88%, specificity was 53.85%, PPV was 88.46%, NPV was 70.0%, correctly classified patients were 85.48%, and AUC was 90.27%. In the second model, pepsinogen level higher than 43.5 μg/l, AST (>54.5), Bilirubin (>1.45), and Hemoglobin (>11.5) were a significant independent predictors of esophagogastric variceal bleeding (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.09-1.27; p<0.001), (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03-1.27; p = 0.007), (OR = 5.55, 95% CI: 1.21-25.43; p = 0.027), and (OR = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.008-0.32; p = 0.002), respectively. The sensitivity of this model was 92%, specificity was 98%, PPV was 97.87%, NPV was 92.45%, correctly classified patients were 95%, and AUC was 98.68%. CONCLUSION The independent predictors of esophagogastric variceal bleeding were ascites, positive H. pylori, Child-Pugh score B and C, pepsinogen level higher than 43.5 μg/l, AST (>54.5), bilirubin (>1.45), and hemoglobin (>11.5). Laboratory investigations are more reliable in predicting variceal bleeding and excluding non-variceal bleeding; however, clinical symptoms should not be neglected, especially H. pylori infection, ascites, and Child-Pugh score.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shimaa Afify
- Gastroenterology Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S. Berengy
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Hospital, New Damietta, Egypt
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14
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Pan D, Sun GJ, Su M, Wang X, Yan QY, Song G, Wang YY, Xu DF, Wang NN, Wang SK. Inverse relations between Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of esophageal precancerous lesions in drinkers and peanut consumption. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:1689-1698. [PMID: 36187387 PMCID: PMC9516658 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i9.1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium found in the upper digestive tract. Although H. pylori infection is an identified risk factor for gastric cancer, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a topic of much debate. AIM To evaluate the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of precancerous lesions of ESCC, and further explore the association between dietary factors and the risk of H. pylori infection. METHODS Two hundred patients with esophageal precancerous lesions (EPL) aged 63.01 ± 6.08 years and 200 healthy controls aged 62.85 ± 6.03 years were included in this case-control study. Epidemiological data and qualitative food frequency data were investigated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measuring serum immunoglobulin G antibodies was used to determine H. pylori seropositivity. An unconditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association between H. pylori infection and EPL risk dichotomized by gender, age, and the use of tobacco and alcohol, as well as the association between dietary factors and the risk of H. pylori infection. RESULTS A total of 47 (23.5%) EPL cases and 58 (29.0%) healthy controls had positive H. pylori infection. An inverse relation between H. pylori infection and the risk of EPL was found in the group of drinkers after adjustment for covariates [odds ratio (OR) = 0.32, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.11-0.95]. Additionally, peanut intake was significantly associated with a decreased risk of H. pylori infection (OR = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.20-0.74). CONCLUSION Our study suggested that H. pylori infection may decrease the risk of EPL for drinkers in a rural adult Chinese population, and the consumption of peanut may reduce the risk of H. pylori infection. These findings should be framed as preliminary evidence, and further studies are required to address whether the mechanisms are related to the localization of lesions and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gui-Ju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming Su
- Department of Chronic Disease, Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai’an 223200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chronic Disease, Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai’an 223200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing-Yang Yan
- Department of Chronic Disease, Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai’an 223200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guang Song
- Department of Chronic Disease, Huai’an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai’an 223200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Deng-Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nian-Nian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shao-Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Explore and Analyze the Composition and Characteristics of Intestinal Microbiota between Gastric Cancer Patients and Healthy People. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5834293. [PMID: 36118097 PMCID: PMC9477631 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5834293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. As the intestine is downstream of the digestive tract, the occurrence of gastric cancer may have a certain significant impact on it. Therefore, it is particularly important to find out the intestinal bacteria closely related to gastric cancer, to identify the specific flora related to gastric cancer, and to maintain the stability of the core structure of intestinal microecology in patients with gastric cancer. Based on this, the fecal samples of gastric cancer patients and healthy people were collected, and the diversity and composition of intestinal flora in patients with gastric cancer were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing technology. We found that there was no significant difference in the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora between gastric cancer patients and healthy people. The relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, and Subdoligranulum in the intestinal tract of patients with gastric cancer was significantly lower than that in healthy people, while the relative abundance of Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and Bacteroides was increased. This study found that there were six kinds of intestinal microflora closely related to the occurrence of gastric cancer, which provided a theoretical basis for further exploring the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
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16
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Zong C, Yang M, Guo X, Ji W. Chronic restraint stress promotes gastric epithelial malignant transformation by activating the Akt/p53 signaling pathway via ADRB2. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:300. [PMID: 35949623 PMCID: PMC9353258 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of gastric cancer is associated with infectious, environmental and dietary factors, as well as genetic background. Additionally, emerging evidence has supported the vital role of chronic emotional stress on gastric carcinogenesis; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic stress and a detrimental diet on gastric malignant epithelial transformation in rats. Therefore, 26 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: i) Control; ii) detrimental diet (DD); iii) detrimental diet with chronic restraint (DR) and iv) detrimental diet with chronic restraint and propranolol treatment (DRP). ELISA was performed to detect the serum levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Epithelial cell apoptosis was analyzed using the TUNEL assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Akt and p53 were detected using reverse transcription quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Pathological changes were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E). The H&E staining results showed that dysplasia in the gastric mucosa occurred in two of eight rats in the DD group and in four of five rats in the DR group, whereas no dysplasia was detected in the DRP group. The apoptotic ratios of gastric epithelial cells were significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control group. Adrenoceptor β2 (ADRB2) protein expression levels were increased significantly only in the DR group and this effect was significantly reduced in the DRP group. The mRNA expression levels of Akt and p53 were significantly upregulated in the DD group, and Akt mRNA expression was further elevated in the DR group. With regard to protein expression, the levels of Akt and p-Akt were significantly increased in the DR group, whereas these effects were reversed in the DRP group. Furthermore, the ratio of p-p53/p53 protein was significantly reduced in the DD or DR groups, but was reversed in the DRP group. Collectively, the findings of the present study suggested that chronic restraint stress potentially aggravates the gastric epithelial malignant transformation induced by a detrimental diet, at least partially via the Akt/p53 signaling pathway mediated via ADRB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanju Zong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Maoquan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Wansheng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
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17
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Magierowska K, Magierowski M. COin Gastrointestinal Physiology and Protection. CARBON MONOXIDE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022:466-481. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119783435.ch27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2025]
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18
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Hayashi Y, Hatta W, Tsuji Y, Yoshio T, Yabuuchi Y, Hoteya S, Tsuji S, Nagami Y, Hikichi T, Kobayashi M, Morita Y, Sumiyoshi T, Iguchi M, Tomida H, Inoue T, Mikami T, Hasatani K, Nishikawa J, Matsumura T, Nebiki H, Nakamatsu D, Ohnita K, Suzuki H, Ueyama H, Sugimoto M, Yamaguchi S, Michida T, Yada T, Asahina Y, Narasaka T, Kuribayashi S, Kiyotoki S, Mabe K, Miyake A, Fujishiro M, Masamune A, Takehara T. The degree of mucosal atrophy is associated with post-endoscopic submucosal dissection bleeding in early gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:870-877. [PMID: 35132695 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Despite the widespread use of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer, post-ESD bleeding remains a significant problem. Intragastric pH plays an important role in intragastric bleeding. Because gastric acid secretion contributes to intragastric pH, both the presence or absence of Helicobacter pylori infection and the degree of gastric mucosal atrophy may affect bleeding. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between post-ESD bleeding and the degree of gastric mucosal atrophy based on H. pylori infection status. METHODS We included 8170 patients who underwent ESD for early gastric cancer at 33 hospitals in Japan from November 2013 to October 2016. We analyzed the risk factors contributing to post-ESD bleeding. RESULTS There were 3935 H. pylori-positive patients and 4235 H. pylori-negative patients. A nonsevere degree of gastric mucosal atrophy was an independent risk factor for post-ESD bleeding in H. pylori-negative patients (odds ratio: 1.51, P = 0.007), but not in H. pylori-positive patients (odds ratio: 0.91, P = 0.600). Further, in H. pylori-negative, but not H. pylori-positive, patients, the rate of post-ESD bleeding increased in a stepwise manner for patients continuing antithrombotic drug use, patients who withdrew antithrombotic drug use, and antithrombotic drug nonusers. CONCLUSIONS Nonsevere gastric mucosal atrophy was a risk factor for post-ESD bleeding in early gastric cancer in H. pylori-negative patients but not in H. pylori-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Waku Hatta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yoshio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Yabuuchi
- Division of Endoscopy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Nagaizumi, Japan
| | - Shu Hoteya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigetsugu Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nagami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuto Hikichi
- Department of Endoscopy, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masakuni Kobayashi
- Department of Endoscopy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Morita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University International Clinical Cancer Research Center, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Mikitaka Iguchi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hideomi Tomida
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Takuya Inoue
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mikami
- Division of Endoscopy, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kenkei Hasatani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukui Prefectural Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Jun Nishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Matsumura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nebiki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dai Nakamatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Ken Ohnita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Suzuki
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroya Ueyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsushige Sugimoto
- Division of Digestive Endoscopy, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Kusatsu, Japan
| | | | - Tomoki Michida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama Medical Center, Kawagoe, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Asahina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Narasaka
- Division of Endoscopic Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shiko Kuribayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shu Kiyotoki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuto General Hospital, Yanai, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Mabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Hakodate National Hospital, Hakodate, Japan.,Junpukai Health Maintenance Center Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Miyake
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Dempsey E, Corr SC. Lactobacillus spp. for Gastrointestinal Health: Current and Future Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840245. [PMID: 35464397 PMCID: PMC9019120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, probiotic bacteria have become increasingly popular as a result of mounting scientific evidence to indicate their beneficial role in modulating human health. Although there is strong evidence associating various Lactobacillus probiotics to various health benefits, further research is needed, in particular to determine the various mechanisms by which probiotics may exert these effects and indeed to gauge inter-individual value one can expect from consuming these products. One must take into consideration the differences in individual and combination strains, and conditions which create difficulty in making direct comparisons. The aim of this paper is to review the current understanding of the means by which Lactobacillus species stand to benefit our gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Dempsey
- Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinéad C Corr
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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20
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Xiang W, Wang R, Bai D, Yu TH, Chen XZ. Helicobacter Pylori Related Gastric Cancer Screening and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study (SIGES). Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:2769-2778. [PMID: 35876250 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2022168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nursing Section, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian-Hang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, the Second People’s Hospital of Yibin City, West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District, West China Longquan Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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21
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Lim E, Jo IH, Kim YJ, Chung WC. In situ Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection Using the Endoscopic Kyoto Scoring System. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HELICOBACTER AND UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.7704/kjhugr.2021.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims: This study aimed to investigate the possibility of in situ diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection during endoscopic examination. The predictive infection value was estimated using the endoscopic Kyoto scoring system (EKSS), and specific endoscopic findings were evaluated for diagnosing H. pylori infection in H. pylori naïve patients and those with a eradication history.Materials and Methods: A total of 836 patients with H. pylori infection were analyzed. The state of the infection was predicted using the EKSS and specific endoscopic findings.Results: Patients were classified into two groups: the H. pylori naïve group and the group with a the bacterial eradication history. The area under the curve (AUC) on receiver operating characteristics analysis was 0.90 for EKSS in H. pylori naïve patients and 0.83 for the other group patients. For patients with open type atrophy and/or intestinal metaplasia, EKSS (24.4%; 95% CI, 12.4~0.3%) and regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC) (46.3%; 95% CI, 30.7~62.9%) showed low specificities. Mucosal swelling (66.2%; 95% CI, 62.5~69.7%) and sticky mucus (80.5%; 95% CI, 74.8~85.2%) presented relatively high positive predictive values for H. pylori infection in naïve patients, whereas reflux esophagitis, hematin, red streak, and duodenitis exhibited high negative predictive values in patients with a H. pylori eradication history (98.0%; 95% CI, 96.4~99.1%).Conclusions: EKSS and RAC are excellent tools for predicting H. pylori infection. However, they have a limited role in patients with open type atrophy and/or intestinal metaplasia. Specific endoscopic findings could help predict the infection state.
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22
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Yu J, Song H, Ekheden I, Löhr M, Ploner A, Ye W. Gastric Mucosal Abnormality and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Gastric Biopsy Cohort Study in Sweden. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:2088-2095. [PMID: 34497088 PMCID: PMC9398138 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains open whether gastric precancerous lesions are associated with an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer. Our aim was to investigate the association between gastric mucosal status and pancreatic cancer risk. METHODS Patients with gastric biopsies [normal, minor changes, superficial gastritis, and atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia/dysplasia (AG/IM/Dys)] from the Swedish histopathology registers during 1979 to 2011 were included. Cross-linkages with several nationwide registries allowed complete follow-up and identification of pancreatic cancer cases until 2014. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and HRs were estimated. RESULTS During 3,438,248 person-years of follow-up with 318,653 participants, 3,540 cases of pancreatic cancer were identified. The same pattern of excess risk of pancreatic cancer compared with the general population was observed across all groups: a peak of 12- to 21-fold excess risk in the first year after biopsy [e.g., normal: SIR = 17.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 15.7-19.3; AG/IM/Dys: SIR = 11.5; 95% CI, 9.9-13.4], which dropped dramatically during the second and third years, followed by 20% to 30% increased risk after the third year (e.g., normal: SIR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4; AG/IM/Dys: SIR = 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.5). However, no significant excess risk was observed with the normal gastric mucosa as reference. CONCLUSIONS This unique, large pathologic cohort study did not find evidence that abnormal gastric mucosal status is causally associated with a long-term pancreatic cancer risk. However, a highly increased short-term risk was observed for people undergoing gastroscopy with biopsy sampling compared with the general population. IMPACT Further studies for a long-term risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with gastric biopsies are needed, with further adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Yu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Corresponding Authors: Jingru Yu, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, Stockholm 17177, Sweden. E-mail: ; and Weimin Ye, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, Stockholm 17177, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Huan Song
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Center of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Isabella Ekheden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias Löhr
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Upper Gastrointestinal Unit, Cancer Division, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Ploner
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Corresponding Authors: Jingru Yu, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, Stockholm 17177, Sweden. E-mail: ; and Weimin Ye, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, Stockholm 17177, Sweden. E-mail:
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23
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Iino C, Shimoyama T. Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on gut microbiota. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6224-6230. [PMID: 34712028 PMCID: PMC8515792 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i37.6224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have revealed the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the gut microbiota. More than half of the investigations on the impact of H. pylori on the gut microbiota have been the sub-analyses of the influence of eradication therapy. It was observed that H. pylori eradication altered gut microbiota within a short period after eradication, and majority of the alterations took a long period of time to reverse back to the original. Changes in the gut microbiota within a short period after eradication may be attributed to antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors. Modification of gastric acidity in the stomach caused by a long-term H. pylori infection alters the gut microbiota. Analysis of the gut microbiota should be conducted in a large population, adjusting for considerable biases associated with the composition of the gut microbiota, such as age, sex, body mass index, diet and the virulence of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikara Iino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Tadashi Shimoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aomori General Health Examination Center, Aomori 030-0962, Japan
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Zamani M, Alizadeh-Tabari S, Hasanpour AH, Eusebi LH, Ford AC. Systematic review with meta-analysis: association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastro-oesophageal reflux and its complications. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 54:988-998. [PMID: 34437710 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting results exist on the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR), and its complications, such as erosive oesophagitis (EO) and Barrett's oesophagus (BO). AIMS To explore the association of H. pylori infection with GOR symptoms and their complications METHODS: We searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases through December 2020 for relevant articles. Regarding the association between H. pylori and GOR symptoms (heartburn, regurgitation or reflux), we included observational studies comparing the prevalence of GOR symptoms between H. pylori-positive and -negative individuals. Concerning the association between H. pylori and complications of GOR, we included studies comparing the prevalence of EO or BO between H. pylori-positive and -negative individuals. RESULTS In total, 36 papers were eligible. Based on seven cross-sectional surveys, H. pylori infection was associated with a lower odds of GOR symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.90). However, in four case-control studies, H. pylori infection was not associated with odds of GOR symptoms (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.85-0.1.43). In 26 cross-sectional studies in patients with GOR symptoms, the OR for EO was 0.70 (95% CI 0.58-0.84) in H. pylori-positive vs -negative cases. Based on nine cross-sectional studies in subjects with GOR complications, no significant association was found between H. pylori infection and either endoscopically-diagnosed (OR 1.84, 95% CI 0.67-5.02) or histologically confirmed (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.60-1.20) BO. CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter pylori infection appears to be associated with a decreased odds of GOR symptoms and EO. In contrast, H. pylori infection did not seem to affect the odds of BO in patients with GER complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zamani
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Leonardo H Eusebi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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25
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Jiang Z, Li L, Chen J, Wei G, Ji Y, Chen X, Liu J, Huo J. Human gut-microbiome interplay: Analysis of clinical studies for the emerging roles of diagnostic microbiology in inflammation, oncogenesis and cancer management. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 93:104946. [PMID: 34052417 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms have been known to coexist in various parts of human body including the gut. The interactions between microbes and the surrounding tissues of the host are critical for fine fettle of the gut. The incidence of such microorganisms tends to vary among specific type of cancer affected individuals. Such microbial communities of specific tumor sites in cancer affected individuals could plausibly be used as prognostic and/or diagnostic markers for tumors associated with that specific site. Microorganisms of intestinal and non-intestinal origins including Helicobacter pylori can target several organs, act as carcinogens and promote cancer. It is interesting to note that diets causing inflammation can also increase the cancer risk. Yet, dietary supplementation with prebiotics and probiotics can reduce the incidence of cancer. Therefore, both diet and microbial community of the gut have dual roles of prevention and oncogenesis. Hence, this review intends to summarize certain important details related to gut microbiome and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Lingchang Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jianan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Guoli Wei
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Yi Ji
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jingbing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| | - Jiege Huo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
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Zhou Y, Ji X, Chen J, Fu Y, Huang J, Guo R, Zhou J, Cen J, Zhang Q, Chu A, Huang Y, Xu C, Wang F. Short-chain fatty acid butyrate: A novel shield against chronic gastric ulcer. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:329. [PMID: 33732302 PMCID: PMC7903393 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Butyrate is one of the most abundant short-chain fatty acids produced by intestinal bacteria. In the present study, the action of butyrate on chronic gastric mucosa lesions was investigated, as well as its underlying mechanism in mice. Male mice from the Institute of Cancer Research were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, model and butyrate groups. Butyrate was administered intragastrically for 7 days to butyrate group mice following the establishment of a gastric ulcer model. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanism of butyrate treatment. The findings demonstrated that butyrate induced a marked shift in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, along with a decrease in malondialdehyde levels, thereby attenuating oxidative stress. Furthermore, butyrate decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and leukotriene B4, which helped combat inflammatory responses. Moreover, butyrate treatment exerted remarkable positive influences that mediate an increase in 6-keto-PGF-1α (a degradation product of prostacyclin), trefoil factor 2, MUC5AC and fibroblast growth factor-7 levels to promote gastric mucosal repair. The expression of specific receptor GPR109A for butyrate was upregulated, with no significant difference noted in the expression of GPR43 or GPR41. Overall, the present findings revealed that butyrate exerted therapeutic effects by upregulating mucosal repair factors and stimulating protective responses against oxidation and inflammation. GPR109A may be the key receptor for butyrate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Ji
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yaoyang Fu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Juewei Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jianke Cen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Qihao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Anne Chu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yingpeng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Changlong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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The Dark Side of the Force: When the Immune System Is the Fuel of Tumor Onset. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031224. [PMID: 33513730 PMCID: PMC7865698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, it is well accepted that inflammation is a critical player in cancer, being, in most cases, the main character of the process. Different types of tumor arise from sites of infection or chronic inflammation. This non-resolving inflammation is responsible for tumor development at different levels: it promotes tumor initiation, as well as tumor progression, stimulating both tumor growth and metastasis. Environmental factors, lifestyle and infections are the three main triggers of chronic immune activation that promote or increase the risk of many different cancers. In this review, we focus our attention on tumor onset; in particular, we summarize the knowledge about the cause and the mechanisms behind the inflammation-driven cancer development.
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Haile K, Yemane T, Tesfaye G, Wolde D, Timerga A, Haile A. Anemia and its association with Helicobacter pylori infection among adult dyspeptic patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammad Memorial Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245168. [PMID: 33444345 PMCID: PMC7808578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is a worldwide public health problem and also associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Determining the association of anemia with H. pylori infection is important to develop evidence-based decision and intervention strategies, which is not well known in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the association between anemia and H. pylori infection among adult dyspeptic patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammad Memorial Referral Hospital in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2019 involving 362 consecutive adult dyspeptic patients who came to the hospital during the study period. Socio-demographic, clinical and other related data were collected by structured questionnaires. Four milliliters of the venous blood sample was collected for hematological parameters analysis and blood film preparation. A stool sample was collected to detect H. pylori antigen and intestinal parasites. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21. Logistic regression analyses were performed and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The overall prevalence of anemia among dyspeptic patients was 24.3% (95%CI: 19.9-28.7). Among H.pylori infected participants 29.2% were anemic, of which 69.2% had mild anemia and 63.5% had normocytic normochromic anemia. Rural residence (AOR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.1-3.3), H. pylori infection (AOR: 1.77, 95%CI: 1.05-2.98) and intestinal parasitic infection (AOR: 2.14, 95%CI: 1.14-4.03) were significantly associated with anemia. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anemia in this study indicated that it is a moderate public health problem. Rural residence, H. pylori and intestinal parasitic infection were significantly associated with anemia. The findings of this study should be taken into account for the prevention and control of anemia among dyspeptic adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassahun Haile
- Departement of Medical Laboratory Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Yemane
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Girum Tesfaye
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Deneke Wolde
- Departement of Medical Laboratory Science, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Timerga
- Department of Biomedical Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Admasu Haile
- Departement of Medical Laboratory Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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29
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Mayyas A, Abu-Sini M, Amr R, Akasheh RT, Zalloum W, Khdair A, Hamad I, Aburjai T, Darwish RM, Abu-Qatouseh L. Novel in vitro and in vivo anti- Helicobacter pylori effects of pomegranate peel ethanol extract. Vet World 2021; 14:120-128. [PMID: 33642795 PMCID: PMC7896906 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.120-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Interest in plants with antimicrobial properties has been revived due to emerging problems associated with using antibiotics to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the antibacterial effects of Punica granatum and the possible synergistic effect of its extract along with metronidazole against H. pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pomegranate peel ethanol extracts (PPEE) was tested against a control strain of H. pylori (NCTC 11916) in vitro and in vivo in female Wistar rats. Moreover, the synergistic effect of PPEE in combination with metronidazole was tested in vitro. RESULTS The PPEE exhibited a remarkable activity against H. pylori with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.156 mg/mL. Furthermore, the extract exhibited a pronounced urease inhibitory activity (IC50 ~6 mg/mL) against the tested strain. A synergistic effect between PPEE and metronidazole was also observed (fractional inhibitory concentrations <0.5). Oral treatment of rats with PPEE for 8 days produced a significant reduction in H. pylori gastritis and a significant decrease in both lymphocytic and positive chronicity. CONCLUSION Pomegranate extract is probably safe and represents a potential alternative and complementary therapy for reducing H. pylori associated with gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Mayyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, 11914 Amman, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, 11821 Madaba, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Abu-Sini
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rula Amr
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, 11821 Madaba, Jordan
| | - Rand T. Akasheh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, 11821 Madaba, Jordan
| | - Waleed Zalloum
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, 11821 Madaba, Jordan
| | - Ayman Khdair
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, 11821 Madaba, Jordan
| | - Islam Hamad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, 11821 Madaba, Jordan
| | - Talal Aburjai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, 11914 Amman, Jordan
| | - Rula M. Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, 11914 Amman, Jordan
| | - Luay Abu-Qatouseh
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Petra, 961343 Amman, Jordan
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Abstract
There is increasing evidence for the health benefits of dietary nitrates including lowering blood pressure and enhancing cardiovascular health. Although commensal oral bacteria play an important role in converting dietary nitrate to nitrite, very little is known about the potential role of these bacteria in blood pressure regulation and maintenance of vascular tone. The main purpose of this review is to present the current evidence on the involvement of the oral microbiome in mediating the beneficial effects of dietary nitrate on vascular function and to identify sources of inter-individual differences in bacterial composition. A systematic approach was used to identify the relevant articles published on PubMed and Web of Science in English from January 1950 until September 2019 examining the effects of dietary nitrate on oral microbiome composition and association with blood pressure and vascular tone. To date, only a limited number of studies have been conducted, with nine in human subjects and three in animals focusing mainly on blood pressure. In general, elimination of oral bacteria with use of a chlorhexidine-based antiseptic mouthwash reduced the conversion of nitrate to nitrite and was accompanied in some studies by an increase in blood pressure in normotensive subjects. In conclusion, our findings suggest that oral bacteria may play an important role in mediating the beneficial effects of nitrate-rich foods on blood pressure. Further human intervention studies assessing the potential effects of dietary nitrate on oral bacteria composition and relationship to real-time measures of vascular function are needed, particularly in individuals with hypertension and those at risk of developing CVD.
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Fisher L, Fisher A, Smith PN. Helicobacter pylori Related Diseases and Osteoporotic Fractures (Narrative Review). J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3253. [PMID: 33053671 PMCID: PMC7600664 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoporotic fractures (OFs) are common multifactorial and heterogenic disorders of increasing incidence. Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) colonizes the stomach approximately in half of the world's population, causes gastroduodenal diseases and is prevalent in numerous extra-digestive diseases known to be associated with OP/OF. The studies regarding relationship between H.p. infection (HPI) and OP/OFs are inconsistent. The current review summarizes the relevant literature on the potential role of HPI in OP, falls and OFs and highlights the reasons for controversies in the publications. In the first section, after a brief overview of HPI biological features, we analyze the studies evaluating the association of HPI and bone status. The second part includes data on the prevalence of OP/OFs in HPI-induced gastroduodenal diseases (peptic ulcer, chronic/atrophic gastritis and cancer) and the effects of acid-suppressive drugs. In the next section, we discuss the possible contribution of HPI-associated extra-digestive diseases and medications to OP/OF, focusing on conditions affecting both bone homeostasis and predisposing to falls. In the last section, we describe clinical implications of accumulated data on HPI as a co-factor of OP/OF and present a feasible five-step algorithm for OP/OF risk assessment and management in regard to HPI, emphasizing the importance of an integrative (but differentiated) holistic approach. Increased awareness about the consequences of HPI linked to OP/OF can aid early detection and management. Further research on the HPI-OP/OF relationship is needed to close current knowledge gaps and improve clinical management of both OP/OF and HPI-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Fisher
- Department of Gastroenterology, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Melbourne 3199, Australia
| | - Alexander Fisher
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Canberra 2605, Australia;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Canberra 2605, Australia;
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Paul N Smith
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Canberra 2605, Australia;
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra 2605, Australia
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Pathways of Gastric Carcinogenesis, Helicobacter pylori Virulence and Interactions with Antioxidant Systems, Vitamin C and Phytochemicals. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176451. [PMID: 32899442 PMCID: PMC7503565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a class one carcinogen which causes chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. The mechanisms by which H. pylori interacts with other risk and protective factors, particularly vitamin C in gastric carcinogenesis are complex. Gastric carcinogenesis includes metabolic, environmental, epigenetic, genomic, infective, inflammatory and oncogenic pathways. The molecular classification of gastric cancer subtypes has revolutionized the understanding of gastric carcinogenesis. This includes the tumour microenvironment, germline mutations, and the role of Helicobacter pylori bacteria, Epstein Barr virus and epigenetics in somatic mutations. There is evidence that ascorbic acid, phytochemicals and endogenous antioxidant systems can modify the risk of gastric cancer. Gastric juice ascorbate levels depend on dietary intake of ascorbic acid but can also be decreased by H. pylori infection, H. pylori CagA secretion, tobacco smoking, achlorhydria and chronic atrophic gastritis. Ascorbic acid may be protective against gastric cancer by its antioxidant effect in gastric cytoprotection, regenerating active vitamin E and glutathione, inhibiting endogenous N-nitrosation, reducing toxic effects of ingested nitrosodimethylamines and heterocyclic amines, and preventing H. pylori infection. The effectiveness of such cytoprotection is related to H. pylori strain virulence, particularly CagA expression. The role of vitamin C in epigenetic reprogramming in gastric cancer is still evolving. Other factors in conjunction with vitamin C also play a role in gastric carcinogenesis. Eradication of H. pylori may lead to recovery of vitamin C secretion by gastric epithelium and enable regression of premalignant gastric lesions, thereby interrupting the Correa cascade of gastric carcinogenesis.
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Guo Y, Zhang Y, Gerhard M, Gao JJ, Mejias-Luque R, Zhang L, Vieth M, Ma JL, Bajbouj M, Suchanek S, Liu WD, Ulm K, Quante M, Li ZX, Zhou T, Schmid R, Classen M, Li WQ, You WC, Pan KF. Effect of Helicobacter pylori on gastrointestinal microbiota: a population-based study in Linqu, a high-risk area of gastric cancer. Gut 2020; 69:1598-1607. [PMID: 31857433 PMCID: PMC7456744 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastrointestinal microbiota may be involved in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer development. The aim of this study was to explore the possible microbial mechanisms in gastric carcinogenesis and potential dysbiosis arising from H. pylori infection. DESIGN Deep sequencing of the microbial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to investigate alterations in paired gastric biopsies and stool samples in 58 subjects with successful and 57 subjects with failed anti-H. pylori treatment, relative to 49 H. pylori negative subjects. RESULTS In H. pylori positive subjects, richness and Shannon indexes increased significantly (both p<0.001) after successful eradication and showed no difference to those of negative subjects (p=0.493 for richness and p=0.420 for Shannon index). Differential taxa analysis identified 18 significantly altered gastric genera after eradication. The combination of these genera into a Microbial Dysbiosis Index revealed that the dysbiotic microbiota in H. pylori positive mucosa was associated with advanced gastric lesions (chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia/dysplasia) and could be reversed by eradication. Strong coexcluding interactions between Helicobacter and Fusobacterium, Neisseria, Prevotella, Veillonella, Rothia were found only in advanced gastric lesion patients, and were absent in normal/superficial gastritis group. Changes in faecal microbiota included increased Bifidobacterium after successful H. pylori eradication and more upregulated drug-resistant functional orthologs after failed treatment. CONCLUSION H. pylori infection contributes significantly to gastric microbial dysbiosis that may be involved in carcinogenesis. Successful H. pylori eradication potentially restores gastric microbiota to a similar status as found in uninfected individuals, and shows beneficial effects on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Markus Gerhard
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan-Juan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Raquel Mejias-Luque
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Michael Vieth
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jun-Ling Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Monther Bajbouj
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stepan Suchanek
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Military University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wei-Dong Liu
- Linqu Public Health Bureau, Linqu, Shandong, China
| | - Kurt Ulm
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Quante
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhe-Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Roland Schmid
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Meinhard Classen
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Wei-Cheng You
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Kai-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
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Guan F, Han W, Ni T, Zhao L, Zhang B, Li M, Luo X, Zhang L, Li X, Sun W, Zhang T. Risk of gastric ulcer contributed by genetic polymorphisms of PSCA: A case-control study based on Chinese Han population. Gene 2020; 757:144941. [PMID: 32640304 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Guan
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Han
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong Ni
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Longrui Zhao
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqin Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Emergency, Shaanxi People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Digestion, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianxiao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
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Immune Response in H. pylori-Associated Gastritis and Gastric Cancer. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020; 2020:9342563. [PMID: 32411209 PMCID: PMC7204331 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9342563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the dominant member of the gastric microbiota and has infected more than half of the human population, of whom 5–15% develop gastric diseases ranging from gastritis and metaplasia to gastric cancer. These diseases always follow inflammation induced by cell surface and intracellular receptors and subsequent signaling, such as the NF-κB pathway and inflammasomes. Some types of immune cells are recruited to enforce an antibacterial response, which could be impeded by H. pylori virulence factors with or without a specific immune cell. Following decreased inflammation, neoplasm may appear with a little immune surveillance and may inhibit antitumor immunity. Therefore, the balance between H. pylori-associated inflammation and anti-inflammation is crucial for human health and remains to be determined. Here, we discuss multiple inflammation and immunoregulatory cells in gastritis and summarize the main immune evasion strategies employed by gastric cancer.
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36
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Bonanno A, Pérez-Herráez I, Zaballos-García E, Pérez-Prieto J. Gold nanoclusters for ratiometric sensing of pH in extremely acidic media. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:587-590. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08539d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AuNCs capped with β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate exhibit an outstanding performance as ratiometric, fluorescent pH sensors in extremely acid media (0.6–2.7) and in the 7.0–9.2 pH range; the nanocluster itself is the fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Bonanno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- Av. Vicent Andres Estelles s/n
- Burjassot
- Spain
| | - Irene Pérez-Herráez
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)
- Universidad de Valencia
- Catedrático José Beltrán 2
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Elena Zaballos-García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- Av. Vicent Andres Estelles s/n
- Burjassot
- Spain
| | - Julia Pérez-Prieto
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)
- Universidad de Valencia
- Catedrático José Beltrán 2
- Valencia
- Spain
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37
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Frost F, Kacprowski T, Rühlemann M, Bang C, Franke A, Zimmermann K, Nauck M, Völker U, Völzke H, Biffar R, Schulz C, Mayerle J, Weiss FU, Homuth G, Lerch MM. Helicobacter pylori infection associates with fecal microbiota composition and diversity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20100. [PMID: 31882864 PMCID: PMC6934578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter (H.) pylori is the most important cause for peptic ulcer disease and a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. How colonization with H. pylori affects the intestinal microbiota composition in humans is unknown. We investigated the association of H. pylori infection with intestinal microbiota composition in the population-based cohort Study-of-Health-in-Pomerania (SHIP)-TREND. Anti-H. pylori serology and H. pylori stool antigen tests were used to determine the H. pylori infection status. The fecal microbiota composition of 212 H. pylori positive subjects and 212 matched negative control individuals was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. H. pylori infection was found to be significantly associated with fecal microbiota alterations and a general increase in fecal microbial diversity. In infected individuals, the H. pylori stool antigen load determined a larger portion of the microbial variation than age or sex. The highest H. pylori stool antigen loads were associated with a putatively harmful microbiota composition. This study demonstrates profound alterations in human fecal microbiota of H. pylori infected individuals. While the increased microbiota diversity associated with H. pylori infection as well as changes in abundance of specific genera could be considered to be beneficial, others may be associated with adverse health effects, reflecting the complex relationship between H. pylori and its human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Frost
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Research Group Computational Systems Medicine, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Malte Rühlemann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kathrin Zimmermann
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Reiner Biffar
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Mayerle
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank U Weiss
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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Outlioua A, Badre W, Desterke C, Echarki Z, El Hammani N, Rabhi M, Riyad M, Karkouri M, Arnoult D, Khalil A, Akarid K. Gastric IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-17A expression in Moroccan patients infected with Helicobacter pylori may be a predictive signature of severe pathological stages. Cytokine 2019; 126:154893. [PMID: 31877554 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori induces acute gastritis that can progress to serious diseases such as gastric cancer. H. pylori interacts with host cells within the gastric mucosa, resulting in activation of multiple innate immune signalling pathways, leading to pro-inflammatory cytokines production and immune cells recruitment. Various studies have shown that there are ethnic- and population-related differences in the expression of these cytokines. Although the H. pylori infection is a major public health problem in Morocco, to our knowledge, no study has been carried out in gastric cytokine expression from H. pylori-infected Moroccan patients. Thus we aimed to (i) determine the IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-17A gene expression in gastric biopsies from Moroccan patients infected with H. pylori, and (ii) to determine the cytokine signature of each pathological stages associated with this infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS 71 patients with epigastralgic pain were included in this study. The H. pylori detection on gastric biopsies was performed by histopathological and PCR analysis. The IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-17A mRNA expression in the antrun and fundus biopsies was performed by RT-qPCR. RESULTS The histopathological and PCR analyses revealed that 87.32% of the patients were infected with H. pylori. IL-1β mRNA expression was significantly lower in the antral mucosa of H. pylori-infected patients (p = 0.0038) than in the uninfected while there was no significant difference in the expression of IL-8 and IL-17A mRNA. The expression of the three cytokines was higher in the fundic mucosa of H. pylori-infected patients than in the uninfected patients, but only IL-8 and IL-17A expression reached statistical significance (p = 0.042 and p = 0.0179 respectively). Furthermore, the multivariate predictive analysis highlighted a cytokine signature that may predict metaplasia during the infection progression that involves a specific down-regulation of IL17A and an up-regulation of IL1β in antral and fundic metaplasia respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Outlioua
- Molecular Genetics and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Aïn Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca (UH2C), Morocco; INSERM, UMR_S 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Wafaa Badre
- Gastroenterology Department, CHU IbnRochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Christophe Desterke
- Faculty of Medicine of the Kremlin-Bicêtre - University Paris-Sud, Paris, France
| | - Zerif Echarki
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Monsef Rabhi
- Diagnostic Center, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Myriam Riyad
- Research Team on Immunopathology of Infectious and Systemic Diseases, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, UH2C, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, CHU IbnRochd/Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, UH2C, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Damien Arnoult
- INSERM, UMR_S 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Khadija Akarid
- Molecular Genetics and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Aïn Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca (UH2C), Morocco.
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Choi HG, Rhim CC, Yoon JY, Park BJ, Min CY, Lee SW. Increased risk of osteoporosis in patients with peptic ulcer: a follow-up study using a national sample cohort. Arch Osteoporos 2019; 14:105. [PMID: 31659478 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-019-0659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We performed a nationwide, population-based cohort study to investigate the risk of osteoporosis in patients with peptic ulcer disease in South Korea and concluded that peptic ulcer disease is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the association between peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and the occurrence of osteoporosis using a national sample cohort from South Korea. METHODS Using the national cohort study from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, we extracted data for patients with PUD (n = 50,002) and for 1:1 matched control participants (n = 50,002); we then analyzed the occurrence of osteoporosis from 2002 to 2013. The patients were matched according to age, sex, income, region of residence, and past medical history. A stratified Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the hazard ratios (HRs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed based on age and sex. RESULTS The adjusted HR for osteoporosis was 1.36 (95% CI = 1.33-1.40, P < 0.001) in the PUD group. In the subgroup analysis based on age and sex, the respective adjusted HRs of PUD for osteoporosis were 1.33 (95% CI = 1.21-1.47) in the < 65-year-old group of men and 1.42 (95% CI = 1.30-1.56) in the ≥ 65-year-old group of men (each P < 0.001). The respective adjusted HRs of PUD for osteoporosis were 1.34 (95% CI = 1.29-1.39) in the < 65-year-old group of women and 1.38 (95% CI = 1.33-1.47) in the ≥ 65-year-old group of women (each P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In the current nationwide cohort study, we found that PUD is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis regardless of sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea.,Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Chun Rhim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Jung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Yang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Woo Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea.
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40
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Gu Y, Zheng L, Kumari S, Zhang Q, Liu L, Meng G, Wu H, Bao X, Yao Z, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Niu K. The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and depressive symptoms in the general population in China: The TCLSIH cohort study. Helicobacter 2019; 24:e12632. [PMID: 31332918 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms are a common, debilitating, and costly public health issue. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection cause changes in the normal physiological state of the gastrointestinal (GI) flora. Although the physiological state of the GI tract is closely related to mental disorders, few population studies have examined the relationship between H pylori infection and depressive symptoms in the general population. The aim of this study was to examine whether H pylori infection is related to depressive symptoms among the general adult population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 5558 inhabitants of Tianjin, China. H pylori infection was diagnosed with the carbon 13 breath test. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Chinese version of 20-item Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) with three cutoffs (45, 48, and 50) to indicate elevated depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis were conducted to assess the association between H pylori infection and depressive symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms (SDS ≥ 45) was 12.7% in men and 17.4% in women. In multivariable models, the odds ratios and 95% confidence interval of having depressive symptoms by H pylori infection were 1.25 (1.01-1.56), 1.46 (1.11-1.91), and 1.46 (1.05-2.06) for three cutoffs: 45, 48, and 50 in women. However, no significant difference was found between H pylori infection and depressive symptoms in men. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly suggested that H pylori infection was related to depressive symptoms in women in the general adult population. Further prospective studies or randomized trials are required to clarify the causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixiao Zheng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shubham Kumari
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhanxin Yao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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41
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Ierardi E, Losurdo G, Fortezza RFL, Principi M, Barone M, Leo AD. Optimizing proton pump inhibitors in Helicobacter pylori treatment: Old and new tricks to improve effectiveness. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5097-5104. [PMID: 31558859 PMCID: PMC6747288 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i34.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival and replication cycle of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is strictly dependant on intragastric pH, since H. pylori enters replicative phase at an almost neutral pH (6-7), while at acid pH (3-6) it turns into its coccoid form, which is resistant to antibiotics. On these bases, it is crucial to increase intragastric pH by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) when an antibiotic-based eradicating therapy needs to be administered. Therefore, several tricks need to be used to optimize eradication rate of different regimens. The administration of the highest dose as possible of PPI, by doubling or increasing the number of pills/day, has shown to be able to improve therapeutic outcome and has often proposed in rescue therapies, even if specific trials have not been performed. A pre-treatment with PPI before starting antibiotics does not seem to be effective, therefore it is discouraged. However, the choice of PPI molecule could have a certain weight, since second-generation substances (esomeprazole, rabeprazole) are likely more effective than those of first generation (omeprazole, lansoprazole). A possible explanation is due to their metabolism, which has been proven to be less dependent on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 genetic variables. Finally, vonoprazan, a competitive inhibitor of H+/K+-ATPase present on luminal membrane of gastric parietal cells has shown the highest efficacy, due to both its highest acid inhibition power and rapid pharmacologic effect. However current data come only from Eastern Asia, therefore its strong power needs to be confirmed outside this geographic area in Western countries as well as related to the local different antibiotic resistance rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Ierardi
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Losurdo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Rosa Federica La Fortezza
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Mariabeatrice Principi
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Michele Barone
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Alfredo Di Leo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
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42
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Kang SJ, Park B, Shin CM. Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy for Functional Dyspepsia: A Meta-Analysis by Region and H. pylori Prevalence. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1324. [PMID: 31466299 PMCID: PMC6780123 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on functional dyspepsia (FD) are conflicting. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis on this issue according to region and prevalence of H. pylori. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of eradication of H. pylori on functional dyspepsia up to December 2018 were searched through PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Subgroup analyses by the outcome measure, region, and prevalence of H. pylori were performed. All data were analyzed with Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS Eighteen RCTs were included in our meta-analysis. Overall, the H. pylori eradication group showed significant improvement of symptoms compared with the control group (risk ratio (RR) = 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.30, p < 0.01). There was moderate heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 34%) and the number needed to treat (NNT) was 15.0. Helicobacter pylori eradication improved dyspeptic symptoms both in low (<50%) and high (≥50%) H. pylori prevalence regions (RR = 1.21 and 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.44 and 1.06-1.29, I2 = 49% and 5%, respectively.) In the analysis of studies from Asia, however, the effect of eradication on improvement of dyspepsia was not significant (RR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.99-1.33, p = 0.08, I2 = 37%). CONCLUSION Overall, H. pylori eradication provides significant improvement of symptoms in functional dyspepsia patients regardless of H. pylori prevalence. However, in the analysis of studies from Asia, the eradication did not significantly improve dyspeptic symptoms. In this region, eradication for dyspepsia can be individualized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Joo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul 06236, Korea
| | - Boram Park
- Department of Public Health Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
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Liang W, Yang Y, Wang H, Wang H, Yu X, Lu Y, Shen S, Teng L. Gut microbiota shifts in patients with gastric cancer in perioperative period. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16626. [PMID: 31464899 PMCID: PMC6736490 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the common malignant tumors in China, with a high morbidity and mortality. With the development and application of high-throughput sequencing technologies and metagenomics, a great quantity of studies have shown that gastrointestinal microbiota is closely related to digestive system diseases. Although some studies have reported the effect of long-term follow-up after subtotal gastrectomy on intestinal flora changes in patients with GC. However, the features of gut microbiota and their shifts in patients with GC in perioperative period remain unclear.This study was designed to characterize fecal microbiota shifts of the patients with GC before and after the radical distal gastrectomy (RDG) during their hospital staying periods. Furthermore, fecal microbiota was also compared between the GC patients and healthy individuals.Patients who were diagnosed with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma at distal stomach were enrolled in the study. The bacterial burden within fecal samples was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. To analyze the diversity and composition of gut microbiota from fecal DNA of 20 GC patients and 22 healthy controls, amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene from all subjects were pyrosequenced. To study gut microbiota shifts, the fecal microbiota from 6 GC patients before and after RDG was detected and subsequently analyzed. Short-chain fatty acids were also detected by chromatography spectrometer in these 6 GC patients.RDG had a moderate effect on bacterial richness and evenness, but had pronounced effects on the composition of postoperative gut microbiota compared with preoperative group. The relative abundances of genera Akkermansia, Esherichia/Shigella, Lactobacillus, and Dialister were significant changed in perioperative period. Remarkably, higher abundances of Escherichia/Shigella, Veillonella, and Clostridium XVIII and lower abundances of Bacteroides were observed in gut microbiota of overall GC patients compared to healthy controls.This study is the first study to characterize the altered gut microbiota within fecal samples from GC patients during perioperative period, and provide a new insights on such microbial perturbations as a potential effector of perioperative period phenotype. Further research must validate these discoveries and may evaluate targeted microbiota shifts to improve outcomes in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Shengrong Shen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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The Enterochromaffin-like [ECL] Cell-Central in Gastric Physiology and Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102444. [PMID: 31108898 PMCID: PMC6567877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies on the regulation of gastric and pancreatic secretion began more than 100 years ago. Secretin was the first hormone postulated to exist, initiating the field of endocrinology. Gastrin produced in the antral mucosa was the second postulated hormone, and together with histamine and acetylcholine, represent the three major gastric acid secretagogues known since 1920. For a long time, the mast cell was the only recognized histamine-producing cell in the oxyntic mucosa and, in the mid-1980s, the ECL cell was recognized as the cell producing histamine, taking part in the regulation of gastric acid secretion. Methods: This review is based upon literature research and personal knowledge. Results: The ECL cell carries the gastrin receptor, and gastrin regulates its function (histamine release) as well as proliferation. Long-term hypergastrinemia results in gastric neoplasia of variable malignancies, implying that gastric hypoacidity resulting in increased gastrin release will induce gastric neoplasia, including gastric cancer. Conclusions: The trophic effect of gastrin on the ECL cell has implications to the treatment with inhibitors of acid secretion.
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Elsebaey MA, Tawfik MA, Elshweikh SA, Negm MS, Elnaggar MH, Alghazaly GM, Abd-Elsalam S. Impact of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Gastric Variceal Bleeding among Patients with Liver Cirrhosis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:6529420. [PMID: 30881448 PMCID: PMC6387698 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6529420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Currently, it is well known that Helicobacter pylori- (H. pylori-) related peptic ulcer is one of the main causes of nonvariceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. However, there is a lack of data to identify the exact effect of H. pylori infection on variceal bleeding. This study was conducted to identify the impact of H. pylori infection on gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS 76 cirrhotic patients with gastric varices were included in this prospective study and divided into 2 groups: nonbleeding gastric varices (32 patients) and bleeding gastric varices (44 patients). The fasting serum gastrin level was measured. Mucosal biopsies from the gastric body and antrum were examined to determine the patterns of gastritis and the presence of H. pylori. RESULTS The frequency of H. pylori infection in the studied patients was 59.2%. There were significant differences between both groups regarding liver decompensation (P = 0.001), red color sign over gastric varices (P = 0.0011), prevalence of H. pylori infection (P = 0.0049), histological patterns of gastritis (P = 0.0069), and serum gastrin level (P = 0.0200). By multivariate analysis, Child C cirrhosis, red color sign over gastric varices, and H. pylori-induced follicular gastritis were independent risk factors for bleeding from gastric varices. CONCLUSION H. pylori-induced follicular gastritis is considered as an additional risk factor for bleeding from gastric varices.
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Characterization of clarithromycin heteroresistance among Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from the antrum and corpus of the stomach. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 64:143-151. [PMID: 30097895 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0637-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mixed infections and heteroresistance of Helicobacter pylori contribute to decreased efficacy of treatments. This study aimed to investigate frequency of clarithromycin heteroresistance and its link with mixed infections, medication history, and disease severity. A total of 40 pairs of H. pylori strains were isolated from the antrum and corpus of 97 patients. Susceptibility of the strains to clarithromycin was measured by agar dilution method. Site-specific mutations of 23S rRNA at A2143G, A2142G, and A2142C positions were analyzed by PCR and genomic relatedness of pairs of the strains was determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. The results showed a prevalence of 35% (14/40) clarithromycin resistance. Diversity of the antrum and corpus isolates in resistance to clarithromycin was detected among 17.5% (7/40) of the patients. Similarly, diversity in MIC value was also detected in two patients infected with the sensitive strains. Significant difference in frequency of resistance was detected among patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (MIC90 32 μg/mL) and severe gastritis (MIC90 16 μg/mL), compared with those who suffered from non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) (MIC90 8 μg/mL) and chronic gastritis (MIC90 0.25 μg/mL). MIC values showed 8-32 folds increased levels in the corpus. A2142G, A2143G, and A2142C mutations were detected in three, two, and two patients, respectively, but not observed in 46% of the resistant strains. RAPD-PCR fingerprints showed identical molecular patterns for the isolates of the corpus and antrum in each patient. In conclusion, microevolution of H. pylori strains during chronic infection, rather than mixed infection, and inappropriate medication appear to be main reasons of treatment failure in adults.
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Babu PK, Bodireddy MR, Puttaraju RC, Vagare D, Nimmakayala R, Surineni N, Gajula MR, Kumar P. Magic Bullet! Rebamipide, a Superior Anti-ulcer and Ophthalmic Drug and Its Large-Scale Synthesis in a Single Organic Solvent via Process Intensification Using Krapcho Decarboxylation. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Kumar Babu
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohan Reddy Bodireddy
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
| | - Reshma Choudlu Puttaraju
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Vagare
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu Nimmakayala
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
| | - Naresh Surineni
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhusudana Rao Gajula
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Chemical Research Division, API R&D Centre, Micro Labs Ltd., Plot No.43-45, KIADB Industrial Area, fourth phase, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra, Bangalore 560 105, Karnataka, India
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Waldum HL, Öberg K, Sørdal ØF, Sandvik AK, Gustafsson BI, Mjønes P, Fossmark R. Not only stem cells, but also mature cells, particularly neuroendocrine cells, may develop into tumours: time for a paradigm shift. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2018; 11:1756284818775054. [PMID: 29872453 PMCID: PMC5974566 DOI: 10.1177/1756284818775054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are considered the origin of neoplasms in general, and malignant tumours in particular, and the stage at which the stem cells stop their differentiation determines the degree of malignancy. However, there is increasing evidence supporting an alternative paradigm. Tumours may develop by dedifferentiation from mature cells able to proliferate. Studies of gastric carcinogenesis demonstrate that mature neuroendocrine (NE) cells upon long-term overstimulation may develop through stages of hyperplasia, dysplasia, and rather benign tumours, into highly malignant carcinomas. Dedifferentiation of cells may change the histological appearance and impede the identification of the cellular origin, as seen with gastric carcinomas, which in many cases are dedifferentiated neuroendocrine tumours. Finding the cell of origin is important to identify risk factors for cancer, prevent tumour development, and tailor treatment. In the present review, we focus not only on gastric tumours, but also evaluate the role of neuroendocrine cells in tumourigenesis in two other foregut-derived organs, the lungs and the pancreas, as well as in the midgut-derived small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge L. Waldum
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kjell Öberg
- Department of Endocrine Oncology Uppsala University and University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Øystein F. Sørdal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne K. Sandvik
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn I. Gustafsson
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Patricia Mjønes
- epartment of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Reidar Fossmark
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Characteristics of non-cardia gastric cancer with a high serum anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG titer and its association with diffuse-type histology. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195264. [PMID: 29621300 PMCID: PMC5886523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data on implications of a high positive titer of serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody on gastric cancer (GC) is limited. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of GC with a high serum anti-H. pylori IgG (Hp-IgG) titer, and its association with diffuse-type GC. Methods We analyzed clinical and histological characteristics of 917 non-cardia GC patients who underwent gastrectomy. H. pylori infection was determined serologically by measuring Hp-IgG titer with immunoassay. Seropositive patients were divided into three groups (low-positive, mid-positive, and high-positive) according to the Hp-IgG titer value. Tumors were classified according to the Lauren criteria as diffuse or intestinal types. Results The median age of the patients was 59.0 years, and 33.8% were female. The patents were grouped as follows: seronegative, 188 (20.5%); low-positive, 288 (31.4%); mid-positive, 290 (31.6%); and high-positive 151 (16.5%). The high-positive group was significantly younger (median age, 55.0 years), with a higher proportion of female (45.0%) and non-smokers (58.9%). The proportion of diffuse-type GC increased in the order low-, mid-, and high-positive groups (p<0.001). In univariate analysis, the factors associated with diffuse-type GC were younger age, female sex, non-smokers, and a high-positive Hp-IgG titer. Younger age, female sex, and non-smokers remained significant on multivariate analysis whereas the high-positive Hp-IgG titer showed only a tendency toward the association (p = 0.078). Conclusions Non-cardia GC patients with a high Hp-IgG titer have distinct clinicopathologic characteristics. A high-positive Hp-IgG titer should be interpreted together with patients’ age, sex, and smoking status.
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Huerta-Franco MR, Banderas JW, Allsworth JE. Ethnic/racial differences in gastrointestinal symptoms and diagnosis associated with the risk of Helicobacter pylori infection in the US. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2018; 11:39-49. [PMID: 29403299 PMCID: PMC5779296 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s144967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the US, neither the prevalence nor the gastrointestinal (GI) diagnosis/symptoms associated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) have been examined in different racial/ethnic groups. Aim To determine the racial/ethnic differences in HP infection associated with GI diagnoses/symptoms using the Cerner Health Facts® database. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data during the period of 2000–2015 from the following ethnic/racial groups: 8,236,317 white, 2,085,389 black, 426,622 Hispanic, 293,156 Asian Pacific/Islander (APIs), and 89,179 Native American/Alaskan Native (NA/AN) patients aged 21–65 years old; the data were then analyzed. The primary dependent variable was a diagnosis of HP (ICD-9-Clinical Modification/ICD-10 classification). SAS version 9.4 was used for the statistical analysis. The statistical analysis was performed on 11,130,663 patients with GI symptoms, and of these, 152,086 patients were positive for the infection. Results Hispanics and NA/ANs had the highest prevalence of HP associated with upper GI symptoms/diagnosis. Nevertheless, blacks and APIs presented the highest relative risk (RR) of HP associated with dyspepsia (RR [95% CI] =11.2 [10.7–11.9] and 14.2 [12.8–15.6]), peptic ulcer (RR =13.8 [13.3–14.5] and 10.7 [9.3–12.3]), and atrophic gastritis (RR =9 [8.5–9.6] and 7.4 [6.4–8.5]), respectively. In all racial/ethnic groups, HP was also associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, liver diseases, and celiac diseases. Conclusion Black and API populations had the highest risk of HP associated with upper GI symptoms/diagnosis. Black patients also had the highest risk for HP associated with GI cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Raquel Huerta-Franco
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Applied Sciences to Work, Division of Health Sciences, Campus Leon, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico
| | - Julie W Banderas
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jenifer E Allsworth
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
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