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Ikeda I, Igarashi R, Fujihara K, Takeda Y, Ferreira ED, Mon KL, Kodama S, Mori Y, Kadowaki T, Honda R, Arase Y, Sone H. Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia and Their Prevalence and Incidence: Toranomon Hospital Health Management Center Study (TOPICS24). Mayo Clin Proc 2025:S0025-6196(24)00615-3. [PMID: 39895435 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between a positive family history (parents, siblings, and grandparents) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and dyslipidemia and their prevalence and incidence in the same population. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data on 41,361 participants who underwent health examinations between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2007, were analyzed, and the results of logistic and Cox regression analyses in the same cohort were examined. RESULTS Cross-sectional analyses showed that the prevalence of all three diseases increased with a positive family history, especially T2DM, with an odds ratio (OR) of 12.00 (95% CI, 7.82 to 18.41) when the number of affected relatives was greater than or equal to 3 with an OR of 20.43 (95% CI, 11.0 to 37.8) for a positive family history across three generations compared with no family history. However, redefining family history from "parents, siblings, and grandparents" to "parents and siblings" or "parents only" did not significantly change ORs for each disease. Among those with a positive family history and body mass index greater than or equal to 30.0 kg/m2 hypertension was 19 times more prevalent compared with no family history and body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2. In the longitudinal study, family history strongly influenced incident T2DM (hazard ratio[HR], 2.40; 95% CI, 1.93 to 2.98), hypertension (HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.62), and dyslipidemia (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.83), respectively. CONCLUSION Obtaining a family history of these diseases was useful in identifying high-risk groups. Also, for T2DM, the influence of a positive family history was strongest with a marked increase in risk with overlap of affected family members, suggesting that a family history is useful for early detection and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Ikeda
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Risa Igarashi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujihara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasunaga Takeda
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Efrem d'Ávila Ferreira
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Khin Lay Mon
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Mori
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ritsuko Honda
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuji Arase
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
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Kim S, Kim DJ, Lee H. Socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence, non-awareness, non-treatment, and non-control of diabetes among South Korean adults in 2021. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0313988. [PMID: 39570851 PMCID: PMC11581243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes prevalence, non-awareness, non-treatment, and non-control among South Korean adults in 2021. This cross-sectional study used data from the 2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Relative concentration indices (RCIs) and relative concentration curves stratified by sex and age were used to investigate socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence, non-awareness, non-treatment, and non-control of diabetes. The prevalence, non-awareness, lack of treatment, and non-control rates in adults aged 30 years and older in 2021 were 15.9%, 29.5%, 33.3%, and 76.1%, respectively. Diabetes was more prevalent in participants under the age of 65 years than those aged 65 years and older for both men (RCI: -0.081, RCI: -0.158, respectively) and women (RCI: -0.203, RCI: -0.292, respectively). The larger the absolute value of the RCI in non-awareness and non-treatment of diabetes in women, the greater the level of socioeconomic inequalities (RCI: 0.182, RCI: 0.154). Socioeconomic inequalities existed in the prevalence of diabetes among both men and women aged under 65 years. In women, socioeconomic inequalities of non-awareness and non-treatment of diabetes were greater than those in men. Thus, preventive care and monitoring are required, particularly among women and individuals under the age of 65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongju Kim
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hooyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Feng X, Zhu J, Hua Z, Yao S, Yin H, Shi Q, Zhou J. Prevalence and determinants of obesity and its association with upper gastrointestinal diseases in people aged 40-69 years in Yangzhong, southeast China. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21153. [PMID: 39256541 PMCID: PMC11387473 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Several international epidemiological studies have established a link between obesity and upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGC), but Chinese evidence is limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity, especially central obesity, while investigating its association with upper gastrointestinal diseases in the high-risk population of Yangzhong, a typical high-risk area for UGC in southeastern China. We conducted a cross-sectional study from November 2017 to June 2021 involving 6736 residents aged 40-69. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess independent factors influencing overweight/obesity and central obesity. We also analyzed the relationship between obesity and upper gastrointestinal diseases using multinomial logistic regression. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)-central obesity were 40.6%, 12.0%, 49.9%, 79.4%, and 63.7%, respectively. Gender, age, smoking, tea consumption, sufficient vegetable, pickled food, spicy food, eating speed, physical activity, family history of cancer, and family history of common chronic disease were associated with overweight /obesity and central obesity. Besides, education and missing teeth were only associated with central obesity. General and central obesity were positively associated with UGC, while general obesity was negatively associated with UGC precancerous diseases. There were no significant associations between obesity and UGC precancerous lesions. Subgroup analyses showed that general and central obesity was positively associated with gastric cancer but not significantly associated with esophageal cancer. Obesity is negatively and positively associated with gastric and esophageal precancerous diseases, respectively. In conclusion, general and central obesity were at high levels in the target population in this study. Most included factors influenced overweight/obesity and central obesity simultaneously. Policymakers should urgently develop individualized measures to reduce local obesity levels according to obesity characteristics. Besides, obesity increases the risk of UGC but decreases the risk of UGC precancerous diseases, especially in the stomach. The effect of obesity on the precancerous diseases of the gastric and esophagus appears to be the opposite. No significant association between obesity and upper gastrointestinal precancerous lesions was found in the study. This finding still needs to be validated in cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Feng
- Institute of Tumour Prevention and Control, Yangzhong People's Hospital, Yangzhong, 212200, China.
| | - Jinhua Zhu
- Institute of Tumour Prevention and Control, Yangzhong People's Hospital, Yangzhong, 212200, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Zhaolai Hua
- Institute of Tumour Prevention and Control, Yangzhong People's Hospital, Yangzhong, 212200, China
| | - Shenghua Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhong People's Hospital, Yangzhong, 212200, China
| | - Hongjun Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhong People's Hospital, Yangzhong, 212200, China
| | - Qiuping Shi
- Institute of Tumour Prevention and Control, Yangzhong People's Hospital, Yangzhong, 212200, China
| | - Jinyi Zhou
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Wang ZY, Qu YF, Yu TM, Liu ZL, Cheng YG, Zhong MW, Hu SY. Novel subtype of obesity influencing the outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy: Familial aggregation of obesity. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1887-1898. [PMID: 38659480 PMCID: PMC11036498 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i13.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in the preoperative characteristics and weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) between patients with familial aggregation of obesity (FAO) and patients with sporadic obesity (SO) have not been elucidated. AIM To explore the impact of SG on weight loss and the alleviation of obesity-related comorbidities in individuals with FAO. METHODS A total of 193 patients with obesity who underwent SG were selected. Patients with FAO/SO were matched 1:1 by propensity score matching and were categorized into 4 groups based on the number of first-degree relatives with obesity (1SO vs 1FAO, 2SO vs 2FAO). The baseline characteristics, weight loss outcomes, prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities and incidence of major surgery-related complications were compared between groups. RESULTS We defined FAO as the presence of two or more first-degree relatives with obesity. Patients with FAO did not initially show significant differences in baseline data, short-term postoperative weight loss, or obesity-related comorbidities when compared to patients with SO preoperatively. However, distinctions between the two groups became evident at the two-year mark, with statistically significant differences in both percentage of total weight loss (P = 0.006) and percentage of excess weight loss (P < 0.001). The FAO group exhibited weaker remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (P = 0.031), hyperlipidemia (P = 0.012), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (P = 0.003) as well as a lower incidence of acid reflux (P = 0.038). CONCLUSION FAO patients is associated with decreased mid-to-long-term weight loss outcomes; the alleviation of T2DM, hyperlipidemia and NAFLD; and decreased incidence of acid reflux postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Postgraduate, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yun-Fei Qu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Postgraduate, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tian-Ming Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zeng-Lin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Gang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Wei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi 276005, Shandong Province, China
| | - San-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
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Šiklová M, Šrámková V, Koc M, Krauzová E, Čížková T, Ondrůjová B, Wilhelm M, Varaliová Z, Kuda O, Neubert J, Lambert L, Elkalaf M, Gojda J, Rossmeislová L. The role of adipogenic capacity and dysfunctional subcutaneous adipose tissue in the inheritance of type 2 diabetes mellitus: cross-sectional study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:547-559. [PMID: 38221680 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that limited subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) expansion represents a primary predisposition to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), independent of obesity, and identified novel markers of SAT dysfunction in the inheritance of T2DM. METHODS First-degree relatives (FDR) of T2DM patients (n = 19) and control individuals (n = 19) without obesity (fat mass < 25%) were cross-sectionally compared. Body composition (bioimpedance, computed tomography) and insulin sensitivity (IS; oral glucose tolerance test, clamp) were measured. SAT obtained by needle biopsy was used to analyze adipocyte size, lipidome, mRNA expression, and inflammatory markers. Primary cultures of adipose precursors were analyzed for adipogenic capacity and metabolism. RESULTS Compared with control individuals, FDR individuals had lower IS and a higher amount of visceral fat. However, SAT-derived adipose precursors did not differ in their ability to proliferate and differentiate or in metabolic parameters (lipolysis, mitochondrial oxidation). In SAT of FDR individuals, lipidomic and mRNA expression analysis revealed accumulation of triglycerides containing polyunsaturated fatty acids and increased mRNA expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX). These parameters correlated with IS, visceral fat accumulation, and mRNA expression of inflammatory and cellular stress genes. CONCLUSIONS The intrinsic adipogenic potential of SAT is not affected by a family history of T2DM. However, alterations in LOX mRNA and polyunsaturated fatty acids in triacylglycerols are likely related to the risk of developing T2DM independent of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Šiklová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Šrámková
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Koc
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Krauzová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Královské Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Terezie Čížková
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Ondrůjová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Wilhelm
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Varaliová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Neubert
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lambert
- Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Moustafa Elkalaf
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gojda
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Královské Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Rossmeislová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Tahapary DL, Wafa S, Tricaesario C, Widjaja FF, Tandradynata J, Kurniawan R, Djauhari W, Maruf AH, Yamin M, Soegondo S. Chronic complications risk among type 2 diabetes patients with a family history of diabetes. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2023; 9:336-340. [PMID: 37915387 PMCID: PMC10617314 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dicky L. Tahapary
- Diabetes Connection & Care, Eka Hospital BSDSouth TangerangIndonesia
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
- Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular, and Aging Research Centre, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research InstituteFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Syahidatul Wafa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
- Diabetes Connection & Care, Eka Hospital CibuburBogorIndonesia
| | | | | | | | - Rudy Kurniawan
- Diabetes Connection & Care, Eka Hospital BSDSouth TangerangIndonesia
| | - William Djauhari
- Diabetes Connection & Care, Eka Hospital BSDSouth TangerangIndonesia
| | - Afif H. Maruf
- Diabetes Connection & Care, Eka Hospital BSDSouth TangerangIndonesia
| | - Muhammad Yamin
- MYcardia Arrhythmia and Cardiovascular Center, Eka Hospital BSDSouth TangerangIndonesia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Sidartawan Soegondo
- Diabetes Connection & Care, Eka Hospital BSDSouth TangerangIndonesia
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
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Alkudmani ZS, Alzailai AA, Aburisheh KH, Alshammary AF, Ali Khan I. Toll-like Receptor 9 Gene in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Saudi Arabian Population. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1439. [PMID: 37998038 PMCID: PMC10669332 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex disease with a wide range of manifestations. Diabetes, notably type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is becoming more common in Saudi Arabia as a result of obesity and an aging population. T2DM is classified as a noncommunicable disease, and its incidence in the Saudi population continues to grow as a consequence of socioeconomic changes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune receptors that mediate the inflammatory response in diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have documented the relationship between different SNPs in the TLR9 gene in different forms of diabetes. As a result, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between rs187084, rs352140, and rs5743836 SNPs in the TLR9 gene among T2DM patients in the Saudi population. This was a case-control study that included 100 T2DM cases and 100 control subjects. The three SNPs were identified in the study population (n = 200) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction enzymes for rs352140, and Sanger sequencing for rs187084 and rs5783836. Next, statistical analyses were performed using various software to determine the association between the SNPs and T2DM. rs187084 and rs5743836 were associated with an increased risk of T2DM development. rs187084 and rs5743836 allelic frequencies were associated with a 3.2 times increased risk of T2DM development (p < 0.05). DBP was associated with T2DM (p = 0.02). rs187084 was associated with TC and HDLc; rs352140 was associated with DBP, HbA1c, and HDLc; rs5743836 was associated with waist (p < 0.05). The CGT haplotype was strongly associated with T2DM (p < 0.003). Gene-gene interaction, graphical presentation, and dendrogram showed the strong association with T2DM patients (p < 0.05). This study concluded that rs187084 and rs5743836 were strongly associated with T2DM in Saudi Arabian patients. This study provides further evidence that SNPs in the TLR9 gene play a significant role in T2DM development in a Saudi community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina S. Alkudmani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Aminah Ahmad Alzailai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Khaled H. Aburisheh
- University Diabetes Center, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amal F. Alshammary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Imran Ali Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
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Purnamasari D, Umpuan ARM, Tricaesario C, Wisnu W, Tarigan TJE, Tahapary DL, Muhadi M. The role of high fat diet on serum uric acid level among healthy male first degree relatives of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17586. [PMID: 37845387 PMCID: PMC10579419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
First-degree relatives (FDR) of type 2 diabetes mellitus have increased risk of developing insulin resistance-related disorders including hyperuricemia. We investigated metabolic profile and serum uric acid (SUA) metabolism in response to high-fat diet among healthy male FDR in comparison to those without family history of diabetes. A total of 30 FDR and 30 non-FDR subjects completed a 5-days-hypercaloric diet with fat added to regular daily intake. Despite similar insulin response, FDR displayed different changes in SUA compared to non-FDR subjects (0.26 ± 0.83 mg/dL vs - 0.21 ± 0.78 mg/dL, p = 0.028). In subgroup analyses stratified by body mass index and waist circumference, significant different SUA changes between FDR and non-FDR subjects were only found in obese (0.48 ± 0.87 mg/dL vs - 0.70 ± 0.71 mg/dL, p = 0.001) and centrally obese (0.59 ± 0.83 mg/dL vs - 0.55 ± 0.82 mg/dL, p = 0.011) subgroups. In multivariate analysis, visceral adiposity seemed mediating the different response in SUA metabolism between FDR and non-FDR subjects induced by short-term obesogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyah Purnamasari
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
- Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular and Aging Research Center, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Asri R M Umpuan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Christian Tricaesario
- Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular and Aging Research Center, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wismandari Wisnu
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
- Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular and Aging Research Center, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri J E Tarigan
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
- Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular and Aging Research Center, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dicky L Tahapary
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
- Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular and Aging Research Center, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhadi Muhadi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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9
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Pekkarinen L, Kantonen T, Oikonen V, Haaparanta-Solin M, Aarnio R, Dickens AM, von Eyken A, Latva-Rasku A, Dadson P, Kirjavainen AK, Rajander J, Kalliokoski K, Rönnemaa T, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P. Lower abdominal adipose tissue cannabinoid type 1 receptor availability in young men with overweight. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1844-1858. [PMID: 37368516 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1R) modulate feeding behavior and energy homeostasis, and the CB1R tone is dysgulated in obesity. This study aimed to investigate CB1R availability in peripheral tissue and brain in young men with overweight versus lean men. METHODS Healthy males with high (HR, n = 16) or low (LR, n = 20) obesity risk were studied with fluoride 18-labeled FMPEP-d2 positron emission tomography to quantify CB1R availability in abdominal adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, muscle, and brain. Obesity risk was assessed by BMI, physical exercise habits, and familial obesity risk, including parental overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. To assess insulin sensitivity, fluoro-[18 F]-deoxy-2-D-glucose positron emission tomography during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed. Serum endocannabinoids were analyzed. RESULTS CB1R availability in abdominal adipose tissue was lower in the HR than in the LR group, whereas no difference was found in other tissues. CB1R availability of abdominal adipose tissue and brain correlated positively with insulin sensitivity and negatively with unfavorable lipid profile, BMI, body adiposity, and inflammatory markers. Serum arachidonoyl glycerol concentration was associated with lower CB1R availability of the whole brain, unfavorable lipid profile, and higher serum inflammatory markers. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest endocannabinoid dysregulation already in the preobesity state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pekkarinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Kantonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Oikonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja Haaparanta-Solin
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Alex M Dickens
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie von Eyken
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Prince Dadson
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Johan Rajander
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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10
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Kowaleski-Jones L, Zick C, Brown B, Curtis D, Meeks H, Smith K. Lean legacy, heavy heritage: family history of diabetes and its association with young adult body mass index. J Biosoc Sci 2023; 56:1-14. [PMID: 37264652 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932023000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Substantial intergenerational transmission of diabetes mellitus (DM) risk exists. However, less is known regarding whether parental DM and DM among extended family members relate to adult offspring's body mass index (BMI), and whether any of these associations vary by sex. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1997 cohort (NLSY97), we assess the sex-specific relationship between DM present in first-degree parents and second-degree relatives and BMI among the parents' young adult offspring.Multivariate regressions reveal a positive relationship between parental DM and young adults' BMI for both daughters and sons, and the magnitude of coefficients is somewhat larger for the same-sex parent. Further, we observe that the link between parental DM and young adults' BMI is strongest when both parents have diagnosed diabetes. In contrast, the relationship between second-degree relatives with DM and the respondent's BMI is weaker and appears to be sex-specific, through same-sex parent and respondent. Logistic regressions show the association is especially strong when assessing how parental DM status relates to young adults' obesity risk. These results generally persist when controlling for parental BMI. The findings of this study point to the need to better distinguish the role of shared family environments (e.g., eating and physical activity patterns) from shared genes in order to understand factors that may influence young adults' BMI. Young adult offspring of parents with diabetes should be targeted for obesity prevention efforts in order to reduce their risks of obesity and perhaps diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huong Meeks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Utah, USA
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11
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Mendhe HG, Borkar SK, Shaikh MK, Choudhari SG. Assessment of Obesity and Associated Risk Factors of Diabesity in an Urban Population in Central India. Cureus 2023; 15:e39776. [PMID: 37398701 PMCID: PMC10312357 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the past 20 years, the prevalence of adult obesity has doubled. International awareness of the body mass index (BMI) as a benchmark for identifying and categorizing overweight and obesity has grown. This study was conducted to assess the socio-demographic factors of the study participants, assess the prevalence of obesity amongst the study subjects, find an association between risk factors and diabesity, and assess obesity using the percentage body fat and waist-hip ratio of study participants. Methods This study was undertaken among diabetes patients residing in the field practice area of the Urban Health and Training Centre (UHTC), Wadi, affiliated with the Datta Meghe Medical College, Nagpur, from July 2022 to September 2022. Two hundred and seventy-eight diabetic people were included as study participants. Systematic random sampling was used to identify study subjects visiting UHTC, Wadi. The World Health Organization's step-by-step approach to the surveillance of risk factors for chronic diseases served as the model for the questionnaire. Results Among the 278 diabetic study participants, the prevalence of generalized obesity was 76.61%. Obesity was more prevalent in subjects with a family history of diabetes. All hypertensive subjects were obese. Obesity was more prevalent among tobacco chewers. In obesity assessment using body fat percentage when compared with standard BMI, the sensitivity was found to be 84% and specificity was 48%. Conclusion Body fat percentage is a simple estimation that can identify obesity among diabetic individuals who are non-obese by BMI. We can change the behavior amongst non-obese diabetic individuals by giving health education, thereby reducing insulin resistance and improving compliance and adherence to the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshal G Mendhe
- Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, IND
| | - Sonali K Borkar
- Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, IND
| | - Mohammed Kamran Shaikh
- Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, IND
| | - Sonali G Choudhari
- School of Epidemiology & Public Health, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
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12
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Hu MJ, Hu S, Tan JS, Yang YJ. Individual or familial diabetes in relation to eight cardiovascular diseases: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:883-891. [PMID: 36775708 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diabetes is associated with increased risk of certain cardiovascular diseases, yet the causality remains to be determined. Meanwhile, given that first-degree relatives share 50% of genes, the effect of familial diabetes is also worthy of attention. Therefore, we sought to investigate the causal relations of individual or familial diabetes with eight cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, cardiac death, pulmonary embolism, transient ischemic attack, and ischemic stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS Applying two-sample Mendelian randomization, we selected instruments for genetic predisposition to individual or familial diabetes based on published genome-wide association studies. The primary analyses were conducted using the random-effects inverse-variance weighted method. We found that genetically predicted individual diabetes was causally associated with higher risks of myocardial infarction (odd ratio [OR] = 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.13; P < 0.0001), hypertension (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03-1.13; P = 0.0006), and ischemic stroke (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.05-1.15; P < 0.0001). Genetically predicted paternal diabetes could increase the risk of ischemic stroke (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.04-1.30; P = 0.0061). Genetically predicted maternal diabetes could increase the risk of myocardial infarction (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.09-1.29; P = 0.0001). Genetically predicted siblings' diabetes was causally associated with higher risks of myocardial infarction (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08-1.27; P = 0.0001) and hypertension (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.06-1.34; P = 0.0036). No significant differences were observed in other outcomes. CONCLUSION This study supports causal effects of not only individual but also familial diabetes on the development of cardiovascular diseases, which will help realize the potential effect of family history in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang-Shan Tan
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Clinical and Pharmacotherapeutic Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Admitted to a Hospital Emergency Department. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020256. [PMID: 36830792 PMCID: PMC9953569 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with other pathologies, which may require complex therapeutic approaches. We aim to characterize the clinical and pharmacological profile of T2DM patients admitted to an emergency department. Patients aged ≥65 years and who were already using at least one antidiabetic drug were included in this analysis. Blood glycemia, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and hemoglobin were analyzed for each patient, as well as personal pathological history, diagnosis(s) at admission, and antidiabetic drugs used before. Outcome variables were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-Square, Fisher's exact test, and linear regression test. In total, 420 patients were randomly selected (48.6% male and 51.4% female). Patients with family support showed a lower incidence of high glycemia at admission (p = 0.016). Higher blood creatinine levels were associated with higher blood glycemia (p = 0.005), and hyperuricemia (HU) (p = 0.001), as well as HU, was associated with a higher incidence of acute cardiovascular diseases (ACD) (p = 0.007). Hemoglobin levels are lower with age (p = 0.0001), creatinine (p = 0.009), and female gender (p = 0.03). The lower the AST/ALT ratio, the higher the glycemia at admission (p < 0.0001). Obese patients with (p = 0.021) or without (p = 0.027) concomitant dyslipidemia had a higher incidence of ACD. Insulin (p = 0.003) and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP1 RA) (p = 0.023) were associated with a higher incidence of decompensated heart failure, while sulfonylureas (p = 0.009), metformin-associated with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) (p = 0.029) or to a sulfonylurea (p = 0.003) with a lower incidence. Metformin, in monotherapy or associated with DPP4i, was associated with a lower incidence of acute kidney injury (p = 0.017) or acute chronic kidney injury (p = 0.014). SGLT2i monotherapy (p = 0.0003), associated with metformin (p = 0.026) or with DPP4i (p = 0.007), as well as insulin and sulfonylurea association (p = 0.026), were associated with hydroelectrolytic disorders, unlike GLP1 RA (p = 0.017), DPP4i associated with insulin (p = 0.034) or with a GLP1 RA (p = 0.003). Insulin was mainly used by autonomous and institutionalized patients (p = 0.0008), while metformin (p = 0.003) and GLP1 RA (p < 0.0001) were used by autonomous patients. Sulfonylureas were mostly used by male patients (p = 0.027), while SGLT2 (p = 0.0004) and GLP1 RA (p < 0.0001) were mostly used by patients within the age group 65-85 years. Sulfonylureas (p = 0.008), insulin associated with metformin (p = 0.040) or with a sulfonylurea (p = 0.048), as well as DPP4i and sulfonylurea association (p = 0.031), were associated with higher blood glycemia. T2DM patients are characterized by great heterogeneity from a clinical point of view presenting with several associated comorbidities, so the pharmacotherapeutic approach must consider all aspects that may affect disease progression.
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14
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Trius-Soler M, Laveriano-Santos EP, Góngora C, Moreno JJ. Inter-individual characteristics on basic taste recognition thresholds in a college-aged cohort: potential predictive factors. Food Funct 2022; 13:12664-12673. [PMID: 36454091 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02867k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Studying nutritional status from the perspective of taste sensitivity, rather than only dietary patterns, may provide new insights into the role of taste receptor signaling in the development of metabolic-associated diseases. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the possible influence of sociodemographic (sex and smoking habit) and clinical variables (dental cavities, missing teeth, sinusitis, rhinitis, body mass index and metabolic high prevalence family antecedent diseases) on tastant (sucrose, monosodium glutamate, sodium chloride, citric acid, quinine, sinigrin, phenylthiocarbamide) recognition thresholds (RTs) in a college-aged cohort (n = 397). Predictive models for the tastant RTs were generated and a higher sucrose RT was found in females than in males, while sinusitis and rhinitis explained sucrose and sodium chloride RTs. Smoking habit was not an important predictive factor of taste sensitivity, although its long-term influence on RTs remains unclear. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between all the tastant RTs studied. Although results did not show a clear pattern, the statistical approach employed should prove useful in future studies of predictors of taste sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Trius-Soler
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. .,INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emily P Laveriano-Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. .,INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Góngora
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan J Moreno
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. .,INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Khalifa AS, Elshebiny A, Eed EM, Elhelbawy MG, Rizk SK. Genetic variations of tumor necrosis factor-α and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 genes among Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Pekkarinen L, Kantonen T, Rebelos E, Latva-Rasku A, Dadson P, Karjalainen T, Bucci M, Kalliokoski K, Laitinen K, Houttu N, Kirjavainen AK, Rajander J, Rönnemaa T, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P. Obesity risk is associated with brain glucose uptake and insulin resistance. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 187:917-928. [PMID: 36288097 PMCID: PMC9782452 DOI: 10.1530/eje-22-0509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether alterations in brain glucose uptake (BGU), insulin action in the brain-liver axis and whole-body insulin sensitivity occur in young adults in pre-obese state. METHODS Healthy males with either high risk (HR; n = 19) or low risk (LR; n = 22) for developing obesity were studied with [18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG)-positron emission tomography during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Obesity risk was assessed according to BMI, physical activity and parental overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Brain, skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue (BAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal and femoral s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) glucose uptake (GU) rates were measured. Endogenous glucose production (EGP) was calculated by subtracting the exogenous glucose infusion rate from the rate of disappearance of [18F]FDG. BGU was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping, and peripheral tissue activity was determined using Carimas Software imaging processing platform. RESULTS BGU was higher in the HR vs LR group and correlated inversely with whole-body insulin sensitivity (M value) in the HR group but not in the LR group. Insulin-suppressed EGP did not differ between the groups but correlated positively with BGU in the whole population, and the correlation was driven by the HR group. Skeletal muscle, BAT, VAT, abdominal and femoral SAT GU were lower in the HR group as compared to the LR group. Muscle GU correlated negatively with BGU in the HR group but not in the LR group. CONCLUSION Increased BGU, alterations in insulin action in the brain-liver axis and decreased whole-body insulin sensitivity occur early in pre-obese state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pekkarinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Kantonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Prince Dadson
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Houttu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Johan Rajander
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Nuutila;
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Murai N, Saito N, Nii S, Nishikawa Y, Suzuki A, Kodama E, Iida T, Mikura K, Imai H, Hashizume M, Kigawa Y, Tadokoro R, Sugisawa C, Endo K, Iizaka T, Otsuka F, Ishibashi S, Nagasaka S. Diabetic family history in young Japanese persons with normal glucose tolerance associates with k-means clustering of glucose response to oral glucose load, insulinogenic index and Matsuda index. Metabol Open 2022; 15:100196. [PMID: 35733612 PMCID: PMC9207666 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The present study aimed to clarify the relationships between diabetic family history (FH), and dysglycemic response to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity in young Japanese persons with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods We measured plasma glucose (PG) and immunoreactive insulin levels in 1,309 young Japanese persons (age <40 years) with NGT before and at 30, 60, and 120 min during a 75-g OGTT. Dysglycemia during OGTT was analyzed by k-means clustering analysis. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and lipids were measured. Insulin secretion and sensitivity indices were calculated. Results PG levels during OGTT were classified by k-means clustering analysis into three groups with stepwise decreases in glucose tolerance even among individuals with NGT. In these clusters, proportion of males, BMI, BP and frequency of FH were higher, and lipid levels were worse, together with decreasing glucose tolerance. Subjects with a diabetic FH showed increases in PG after glucose loading and decreases in insulinogenic index and Matsuda index. Conclusions Dysglycemic response to OGTT by k-means clustering analysis was associated with FH in young Japanese persons with NGT. FH was also associated with post-loading glucose, insulinogenic index, and Matsuda index.
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Honda M, Tsuboi A, Minato-Inokawa S, Takeuchi M, Kurata M, Takayoshi T, Hirota Y, Wu B, Kazumi T, Fukuo K. Serum Orosomucoid Is Associated with Serum Adiponectin, Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance Index, and a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes in Young Normal Weight Japanese Women. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:7153238. [PMID: 35103244 PMCID: PMC8800618 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7153238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose tissue (AT) expandability may be facilitated by adiponectin and suppressed by orosomucoid, and reduced AT expandability may be associated with first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that orosomucoid may be associated not only with adiponectin and adipose tissue insulin resistance but also with a family history of type 2 diabetes (FHD). Research Design and Methods. Anthropometric and metabolic variables, adipokines, and measures of inflammatory and insulin resistance were cross-sectionally investigated in 153 young normal weight Japanese women. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify the most important determinants of orosomucoid. RESULTS Orosomucoid was higher in women with positive (n = 57) compared to women with negative FHD and was associated positively with FHD (both p = 0.01). Orosomucoid also showed positive associations with fasting glucose (p < 0.001), free fatty acids (p = 0.001), and HbA1c (p = 0.007), whereas there was no association with fasting insulin and serum lipids. In addition, orosomucoid was associated inversely with adiponectin (p = 0.02) and positively with adipose tissue-insulin resistance index (AT-IR, the product of fasting insulin and free fatty acids; p = 0.001) but not with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, leptin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In multivariate analyses, AT-IR (standardized β, 0.22; p = 0.003), serum adiponectin (standardized β, -0.163; p = 0.032), FHD+ (standardized β, 0.178; p = 0.029), and HbA1c (standardized β, 0.213; p = 0.005) emerged as independent determinants of orosomucoid and explained 15.2% of its variability. CONCLUSIONS These results are the first to demonstrate that orosomucoid is associated not only with adipose tissue-insulin resistance and adiponectin but also with FHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Honda
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Health, Sports, and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Kobe Women's University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Tsuboi
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satomi Minato-Inokawa
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Laboratory of Community Health and Nutrition, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mika Takeuchi
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Miki Kurata
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Takayoshi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yushi Hirota
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Bin Wu
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tsutomu Kazumi
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Kohnan Kakogawa Hospital, Kakogawa, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukuo
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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Meza CA, Amador M, McAinch AJ, Begum K, Roy S, Bajpeyi S. Eight weeks of combined exercise training do not alter circulating microRNAs-29a, -133a, -133b, and -155 in young, healthy men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:921-933. [PMID: 35015112 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes (FH +) have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as biomarkers of type 2 diabetes risk. Here, we investigated if four circulating miRNAs related to glucose metabolism were altered in men with a FH + and we conducted a preliminary analysis to determine if miRNA expressions were responsive to 8 weeks of combined exercise training. METHODS Sixteen young healthy men (mean ± SD; age 22.5 ± 2.5; BMI 26.4 ± 4.0) with FH + or without a family history of type 2 diabetes (FH -) underweight 8 weeks of combined endurance and resistance exercise training (n = 8 FH -; n = 8 FH +). The expression of miR-29a, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-155 were measured in serum before and after exercise training. QIAGEN's Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis was used to examine miRNA target genes and their involvement in glucose metabolism signaling pathways. RESULTS There were no differences in miRNA expressions between FH - and FH + . Exercise training did not alter miRNA expressions in either FH - or FH + despite improvements in insulin sensitivity, aerobic capacity, and muscular strength. miR-29a and miR-155 were inversely related to fasting glucose, and miR-133a and miR-133b were negatively correlated with glucose tolerance; however, correlations were not observed with insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The circulating miRNAs- miR-29a, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-155 are related to measures of glucose metabolism in healthy, normoglycemic men, but do not reflect peripheral insulin sensitivity or improvements in metabolic health following 8 weeks of combined exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Meza
- Metabolic, Nutrition and Exercise Research (MiNER) Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Manuel Amador
- Metabolic, Nutrition and Exercise Research (MiNER) Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Andrew J McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Khodeza Begum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Sudip Bajpeyi
- Metabolic, Nutrition and Exercise Research (MiNER) Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA.
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20
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Hu X, Yu W, Yang L, Pan W, Xu K, Chen X, Li Q, Zhang Y, Chen G, Wen J, Gu X, Zhang X. First-degree family history of diabetes is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease independent of glucose metabolic status. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108083. [PMID: 34840086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first-degree relatives of patients with diabetes (FDRs) share a common genetic background with patients with diabetes. Insulin resistance is recognized as a common contributor to diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study aimed to investigate the association between a first-degree family history of diabetes (FHD) and NAFLD and the influence of glucose metabolic status. METHODS The present work analyzed a part of the baseline data of the REACTION study conducted in a community population. A total of 11,162 participants with an average age of 55.57 ± 9.66 years were enrolled, including 9870 non-FDRs and 1292 FDRs. First-degree FHD was defined as at least one patient with diabetes among parents, siblings or children. The fatty liver index (FLI) was calculated to identify NAFLD. RESULTS The proportions of subjects without NAFLD, with intermediate FLI, and with NAFLD differed significantly between non-FDRs and FDRs (P < 0.001). FLI was one of the metabolic factors independently associated with first-degree FHD (P = 0.006). Multivariate variance analysis revealed positive associations of first-degree FHD and glucose metabolic status (both P < 0.001) with FLI, which were independent of each other (P for interaction = 0.182). Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis identified that first-degree FHD was independently and positively associated with FLI in men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A first-degree FHD was an independent risk factor for NAFLD. Regardless of the status of glucose metabolism, FDRs were more susceptible to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weihui Yu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaozhang Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Junping Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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De Pergola G, Castellana F, Zupo R, De Nucci S, Panza F, Castellana M, Lampignano L, Di Chito M, Triggiani V, Sardone R, Giannelli G. A family history of type 2 diabetes as a predictor of fatty liver disease in diabetes-free individuals with excessive body weight. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24084. [PMID: 34916558 PMCID: PMC8677812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive screening for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may help prompt clinical management of fatty liver disease. A family history, especially of diabetes, has been little studied as a predictor for NAFLD. We characterized the cross-sectional relationship between a family history of type 2 diabetes (FHT2D) and NAFLD probability in 1185 diabetes-free Apulian (Southern-Italy) subjects aged > 20 years with overweight or obesity not receiving any drug or supplementation. Clinical data and routine biochemistry were analysed. NAFLD probability was defined using the fatty liver index (FLI). A first-degree FHT2D was assessed by interviewing subjects and assigning a score of 0, 1, or 2 if none, only one, or both parents were affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our study population featured most females (70.9%, N = 840), and 48.4% (N = 574) of the sample had first-degree FHT2D. After dividing the sample by a FHT2D, we found a higher BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), and diastolic blood pressure shared by FHT2D subjects; they also showed altered key markers of glucose homeostasis, higher triglyceride levels, and worse liver function. FLI scores were significantly lower in subjects without a first-degree FHT2D. After running logistic regression models, a FHT2D was significantly associated with the NAFLD probability, even adjusting for major confounders and stratifying by age (under and over 40 years of age). A FHT2D led to an almost twofold higher probability of NAFLD, regardless of confounding factors (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.89). A first-degree FHT2D acts as an independent determinant of NAFLD in excess weight phenotypes, regardless of the age group (younger or older than 40 years). A NAFLD risk assessment within multidimensional screening might be useful in excess weight subjects reporting FHT2D even in the absence of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni De Pergola
- Unit of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy.
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Sara De Nucci
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Marco Castellana
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Martina Di Chito
- Unit of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology, and Rare Disease, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
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Faraz A, Ashraf H, Ahmad J. Clinical Features, Biochemical Profile, and Response to Standard Treatment in Lean, Normal-Weight, and Overweight/Obese Indian Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Rev Diabet Stud 2021; 17:68-74. [PMID: 34852897 PMCID: PMC9380087 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2021.17.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Much evidence is available on the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and obesity, but less on T2D in lean individuals. AIM: This study was conducted in 12,069 T2D patients from northern India to find out which clinical and biochemical features are related to lean, normal weight, and overweight/obese T2D patients. METHODS: The study was conducted at two endocrine clinics in northern India as a retrospective cross-sectional study. The records of all patients who attended these clinics from January 2018 to December 2019 were screened. After screening 13,400 patients, 12,069 were labelled as type 2 diabetes mellitus according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association, 2020, and were included in the study. The patients were subdivided into the three groups by their body mass index (BMI): lean (BMI < 18), normal weight (BMI = 18-22.9), overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 23). The study evaluated how the three subgroups responded to standard diabetes management, including antidiabetic medication and lifestyle interventions. RESULTS: Of a total of 12,069 patients 327 (2.7%) were lean, 1,841 (15.2%) of normal weight, and 9,906 (82.1%) overweight/obese. Lean patients were younger, but had more severe episodes of hyperglycemia. All three subgroups experienced significant improvements in glycemic control during follow-up; HbA1c values were significantly lowered in the overweight/obese group during follow-up compared with baseline. CONCLUSIONS: While overweight/obese patients could benefit from the improvements in glycemic control achieved by lowering HbA1c, lean and normal-weight patients had more severe and difficult-to-control hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Faraz
- Department of Physiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Hamid Ashraf
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Jamal Ahmad
- Former Professor of Endocrinology & Dean Faculty of Medicine, Ex-Director, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh Diabetes & Endocrinology Super-Speciality Centre, Aligarh, India
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Azarova IE, Klyosova EY, Polonikov AV. Polymorphic variants of glutathione reductase – new genetic markers of predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus. TERAPEVT ARKH 2021; 93:1164-1170. [PMID: 36286817 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2021.10.201101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim. To study the associations of three common single nucleotide variants of the gene encoding antioxidant system enzyme, glutathione reductase GSR with a predisposition to type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Materials and methods. The observational mono-center transverse controlled study involved 1032 type 2 diabetics (640 women, 392 men; mean age 61.14.8 years) and 1056 healthy volunteers (676 women, 380 men; mean age 60.96.2 years). Eating habits were evaluated retrospectively according to questionnaire data. A 10 ml blood sample was drawn from all participants in the study for genetic and biochemical tests. Genotyping was done with the use of the iPLEX technology on MassArray System.
Results. We first identified the relationship of the polymorphisms rs2551715, rs2911678, rs3757918 of the GSR gene with a reduced risk of developing T2D in the Russian population. At the same time, the protective effects of the variants of the glutathione reductase gene manifested only in individuals with normal body weight provided they consumed fresh vegetables and fruits, whereas in those with insufficient consumption of plant foods, as well as in all overweight and obese patients, the protective effect of GSR was not observed. In patients with T2D, the plasma levels of hydrogen peroxide and the glutathione dimer were sharply increased compared with the controls. We also found that the rs2551715 polymorphism was associated with a lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the blood plasma of patients with T2D, while SNP rs2911678 was associated with a decrease in the concentration of the oxidized form of glutathione. Bioinformatical analysis confirmed the positive effect of alternative alleles on GSR expression and revealed the closest protein partners of the enzyme and their joint participation in the metabolism of acetyl-CoA, the catabolism of hydrogen peroxide and the control of cellular redox homeostasis.
Conclusion. Polymorphic variants of the GSR gene rs2551715, rs2911678, rs3757918 are associated with a predisposition to T2D, but their relationship with the disease is modulated by the consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits and depends on body mass index.
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Li Y, Gao D, Yang Z, Ma Y, Chen M, Ma J, Dong Y, Dong B. Parental Adherence to Ideal Cardiovascular Health Status Was Associated With a Substantially Lower Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Their Offspring Aged 6-18 Years. Front Nutr 2021; 8:715171. [PMID: 34616763 PMCID: PMC8488122 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.715171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parental health status had a potential influence on offspring health. This study aimed to investigate the separate associations between paternal and maternal cardiovascular health statuses and the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in the offspring. Methods: Data were from a cross-sectional study conducted in seven provinces or cities of China in 2013. A total of 29,317 children aged 6-18 years old and their parents, making up 9,585 father-offspring pairs and 19,732 mother-offspring pairs, were included in the final analysis. Information on parental cardiovascular health status factors (dietary behaviors, body mass index (BMI), smoking, physical activity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus) was obtained from the structured self-administrated questionnaires. Based on the health status factors, we then generated an ideal cardiovascular health (iCVH) score. The overweight and obesity of children were defined using age- and sex-specific cutoffs based on the International Obesity Task Force criteria. A multilevel log-binomial regression model was used to assess the association between parental cardiovascular health status and prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in the offspring. Results: The prevalence of pediatric overweight and obesity was 22.0% in the father-offspring subset and 23.8% in the mother-offspring subset, respectively. Fathers with ideal BMI, non-smoking, and absence of hypertension and diabetes, and mothers with ideal BMI, ideal physical activity, and absence of hypertension and diabetes were found to be associated with lower prevalence of overweight and obesity in the offspring. The prevalence of offspring overweight and obesity was significantly decreased with the parental iCVH scores increased. Each additional increase in paternal and maternal iCVH factor was associated with a 30% and 27% lower prevalence of overweight and obesity in the offspring. Compared with children whose parental iCVH scores ≤ 3, offspring whose fathers or mothers met all six iCVH factors had 67% [prevalence ratio (PR): 0.33, 95%CI: 0.25-0.42] and 58% (PR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.29-0.62) lower prevalence of overweight and obesity, respectively. Conclusions: Parental adherence to iCVH status was associated with a lower prevalence of pediatric overweight and obesity in offspring. Our findings support the intervention strategy that parents should involve in the obesity intervention program for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Li
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Gao
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaogeng Yang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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25
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Sari DK, Ichwan M, Masyithah D, Dharmajaya R, Khatib A. The Incidence of Adult Obesity is Associated with Parental and Adolescent Histories of Obesity in North Sumatra, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:2437-2444. [PMID: 34511927 PMCID: PMC8423409 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s324774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Obesity that occurs in adulthood is influenced by various factors, not only energy balance, especially concerning the amount of energy consumed, but also heredity. The hereditary factors of obese parents on childhood obesity have been studied, but what about adulthood? This study examines the relationship between a history of obesity in adolescence, and maternal and paternal incidences of adult obesity. Patients and Methods This study was a cross-sectional study that included adult men and women aged 20–60 years old. The subjects had no chronic or metabolic disease. This research was conducted from April to November, 2020, in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The parameters studied were demographics, daily food intake, anthropometry and a history of obesity in adolescence, and for the participants’ fathers and mothers. The statistical test used was the chi-squared test/Fisher test. Results This study included 136 research subjects, 60 male and 76 female; based on the results of the study, 47.8% were found to be obese, but food intake showed a low intake (96.2%). There was a significant relationship between a history of obesity in adolescence and incidences of obesity (≥30 kg/m2) in the mother and father, with significance values of p=0.01, p=0.004, and p=0.001, respectively. Conclusion This study found that there was a significant relationship between a history of obesity in adolescence and incidences of adult obesity (≥ 30kg/m2) in parents, but not with the level of food intake per day. The risk of obesity will increase further with a history of obesity in parents and obesity in adolescence, and this can be used to understand and prevent obesity. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/xQs0Dh_2jKE
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Keumala Sari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - M Ichwan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Masyithah
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Ridha Dharmajaya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Musa N, Ramzy T, Hamdy A, Arafa N, Hassan M. Assessment of urinary podocalyxin as a marker of glomerular injury in obesity-related kidney disease in children and adolescents with obesity compared to urinary albumin creatinine ratio. Clin Obes 2021; 11:e12452. [PMID: 33797164 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of chronic kidney disease in children. Our aim was to assess urinary podocalyxin (PCX) in children and adolescents with obesity as a potential marker of obesity-related kidney disease (ORKD). The current case-control study included 128 children with obesity compared to 60 non-obese age and sex matched controls. Study population were subjected to full history taking as well as thorough physical examination. Urine samples for albumin creatinine ratio (uACR) and PCX were collected from the study population as well as blood samples for assessment of serum creatinine and fasting lipid profile. A statistically significant difference was found between cases and controls regarding urinary PCX (P < .001) and uACR (P = .021). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between uACR and weight SD score (SDS), body mass index SDS, waist circumference, estimated glomerular filtration rate, triglycerides (TG) as well as urinary PCX, whilst urinary PCX correlated significantly with obesity duration and uACR. Cases with microalbuminuria had a statistically significant higher waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, fat percentage, TG and urinary PCX compared to those with normal uACR (P = .042, .034, .05, .018 and .036 respectively). Urinary PCX showed 83.3% sensitivity and 74% specificity in detection of albuminuria. Urinary PCX was increased significantly in children with obesity making it a potential sensitive marker of ORKD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Musa
- Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit (DEMPU), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek Ramzy
- Lecturer of Chemical pathology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hamdy
- Pediatric Resident, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Arafa
- Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit (DEMPU), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Hassan
- Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit (DEMPU), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Brito MDF, Torre C, Silva-Lima B. Scientific Advances in Diabetes: The Impact of the Innovative Medicines Initiative. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:688438. [PMID: 34295913 PMCID: PMC8290522 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.688438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the World Health Organization's priority diseases under research by the first and second programmes of Innovative Medicines Initiative, with the acronyms IMI1 and IMI2, respectively. Up to October of 2019, 13 projects were funded by IMI for Diabetes & Metabolic disorders, namely SUMMIT, IMIDIA, DIRECT, StemBANCC, EMIF, EBiSC, INNODIA, RHAPSODY, BEAT-DKD, LITMUS, Hypo-RESOLVE, IM2PACT, and CARDIATEAM. In general, a total of €447 249 438 was spent by IMI in the area of Diabetes. In order to prompt a better integration of achievements between the different projects, we perform a literature review and used three data sources, namely the official project's websites, the contact with the project's coordinators and co-coordinator, and the CORDIS database. From the 662 citations identified, 185 were included. The data collected were integrated into the objectives proposed for the four IMI2 program research axes: (1) target and biomarker identification, (2) innovative clinical trials paradigms, (3) innovative medicines, and (4) patient-tailored adherence programmes. The IMI funded projects identified new biomarkers, medical and research tools, determinants of inter-individual variability, relevant pathways, clinical trial designs, clinical endpoints, therapeutic targets and concepts, pharmacologic agents, large-scale production strategies, and patient-centered predictive models for diabetes and its complications. Taking into account the scientific data produced, we provided a joint vision with strategies for integrating personalized medicine into healthcare practice. The major limitations of this article were the large gap of data in the libraries on the official project websites and even the Cordis database was not complete and up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Torre
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science-Research Institute for Medicines (iMED.ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Silva-Lima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science-Research Institute for Medicines (iMED.ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
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Ahmed F, Al-Habori M, Al-Zabedi E, Saif-Ali R. Impact of triglycerides and waist circumference on insulin resistance and β-cell function in non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:124. [PMID: 34134670 PMCID: PMC8207623 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00788-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there is abundant evidence indicating the relative contribution of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell dysfunction (HOMA-β) among first-degree relatives (FDRs) of Type 2 DM patients, few studies reported the association between HOMA-IR and HOMA-β with metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of metabolic syndrome factors on HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and glycoproteins in non-diabetic FDRs. METHODS In this study, 103 Yemeni male subjects aged 25-42 years, with BMI < 25 kg/m2 were examined, 39 of whom were normal subjects with no family history of diabetes served as control and 64 subjects were non-diabetic FDRs of Type 2 DM patients. RESULTS Both glycoproteins, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fructosamine as well as insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were significantly (p = 4.9 × 10-9; 6.0 × 10-8; 6.6 × 10-12; 1.3 × 10-7; 5.5 × 10-12, respectively) higher in non-diabetic FDRs as compared to control group. Fasting plasma glucose, though within normal range, were significantly (p = 0.026) higher in non-diabetic FDRs. Linear regression analysis showed that both TG and WC are the main metabolic syndrome factors that significantly increased HOMA-IR (B = 0.334, p = 1.97 × 10-6; B = 0.024, p = 1.05 × 10-5), HOMA-β (B = 16.8, p = 6.8 × 10-5; B = 0.95, p = 0.004), insulin (B = 16.5, p = 1.2 × 10-6; B = 1.19, p = 8.3 × 10-6) and HbA1c (B = 0.001, p = 0.034; B = 0.007, p = 0.037). CONCLUSION Triglyceride and WC are the important metabolic syndrome factors associated with insulin resistance, basal β-cell function and insulin levels in non-diabetic FDR men of Type 2 DM patients. Moreover, FDRs showed insulin resistance with compensatory β-cell function (hyperinsulinaemia) suggesting that insulin resistance precede the development of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in individuals at risk of Type 2 DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen
| | - Molham Al-Habori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen.
| | - Ebtesam Al-Zabedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen
| | - Riyadh Saif-Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen
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Simultaneous genotyping of rs3752462 and rs4821480 at non-muscle myosin-9 in diabetic nephropathy. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mirra P, Desiderio A, Spinelli R, Nigro C, Longo M, Parrillo L, D'Esposito V, Carissimo A, Hedjazifar S, Smith U, Formisano P, Miele C, Raciti GA, Beguinot F. Adipocyte precursor cells from first degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients feature changes in hsa-mir-23a-5p, -193a-5p, and -193b-5p and insulin-like growth factor 2 expression. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21357. [PMID: 33710685 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002156rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
First-degree relatives (FDRs) of type 2 diabetics (T2D) feature dysfunction of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) long before T2D onset. miRNAs have a role in adipocyte precursor cells (APC) differentiation and in adipocyte identity. Thus, impaired miRNA expression may contribute to SAT dysfunction in FDRs. In the present work, we have explored changes in miRNA expression associated with T2D family history which may affect gene expression in SAT APCs from FDRs. Small RNA-seq was performed in APCs from healthy FDRs and matched controls and omics data were validated by qPCR. Integrative analyses of APC miRNome and transcriptome from FDRs revealed down-regulated hsa-miR-23a-5p, -193a-5p and -193b-5p accompanied by up-regulated Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) gene which proved to be their direct target. The expression changes in these marks were associated with SAT adipocyte hypertrophy in FDRs. APCs from FDRs further demonstrated reduced capability to differentiate into adipocytes. Treatment with IGF2 protein decreased APC adipogenesis, while over-expression of hsa-miR-23a-5p, -193a-5p and -193b-5p enhanced adipogenesis by IGF2 targeting. Indeed, IGF2 increased the Wnt Family Member 10B gene expression in APCs. Down-regulation of the three miRNAs and IGF2 up-regulation was also observed in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes (PBLs) from FDRs. In conclusion, APCs from FDRs feature a specific miRNA/gene profile, which associates with SAT adipocyte hypertrophy and appears to contribute to impaired adipogenesis. PBL detection of this profile may help in identifying adipocyte hypertrophy in individuals at high risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mirra
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Desiderio
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Spinelli
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Nigro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Longo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Parrillo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Vittoria D'Esposito
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Shahram Hedjazifar
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Smith
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pietro Formisano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gregory A Raciti
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Hasbullah FY, Fong KY, Ismail A, Mitri J, Mohd Yusof BN. A Comparison of Nutritional Status, Knowledge and Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among Malaysian Young Adults With and Without Family History of Diabetes. Malays J Med Sci 2021; 28:75-86. [PMID: 33679223 PMCID: PMC7909351 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, family history status may be a useful public health tool for disease prevention. This study compared the nutritional status, knowledge level, and T2DM risk among young adults with and without a family history of diabetes in Malaysia. METHODS A total of 288 university students aged 18 to 29 years participated in this comparative cross-sectional study. We assessed dietary intake, level of physical activity, knowledge of diabetes and T2DM risk. RESULTS Respondents with a family history of diabetes had significantly higher weight (P = 0.003), body mass index (P < 0.001), waist circumference (P < 0.001), diabetes knowledge level (P < 0.005) and T2DM risk (P < 0.001). Ethnicity, fibre intake, T2DM risk score and knowledge about diabetes were significant contributors toward family history of diabetes (P = 0.025, 0.034, < 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSION Young adults with a family history of diabetes had suboptimal nutritional status. Despite being more knowledgeable about diabetes, they did not practice a healthy lifestyle. Family history status can be used to screen young adults at the risk of developing T2DM for primary disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Yasmin Hasbullah
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim Yen Fong
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amin Ismail
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Joanna Mitri
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Torres-Ibarra L, Rivera-Paredez B, Hernández-López R, Canto-Osorio F, Sánchez-Romero LM, López-Olmedo N, González-Morales R, Ramírez P, Salmerón J, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T. Regular consumption of soft drinks is associated with type 2 diabetes incidence in Mexican adults: findings from a prospective cohort study. Nutr J 2020; 19:126. [PMID: 33218344 PMCID: PMC7678283 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00642-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although high consumption of soft drinks has been associated with excess of type 2 diabetes risk, the strength of this association in the Mexican population, where a type 2 diabetes genetic susceptibility has been well established, has been scarcely studied. This study aimed to estimate the risk of type 2 diabetes due to soft drinks consumption in a cohort of Mexicans. METHODS We used data on 1445 participants from the Health Workers Cohort Study, a prospective cohort conducted in Cuernavaca, Mexico. Soft drinks consumption was assessed with a semi-quantitative 116-item food frequency questionnaire. Incident type 2 diabetes was defined as self-report of physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose > 126 mg/dl, or hypoglycemic medication at any examination. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS With a total of 9526.2 person-years of follow-up, 109 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were observed. Type 2 diabetes incidence rate was 7.6, 11.0, and 17.1 per 1000 person-years across levels of soft drinks consumption of < 1, 1-4, and ≥ 5 servings/week, respectively (p < 0.001 for trend). The intake of ≥5 soft drinks/week was significantly associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (HR 1.9 95% CI:1.0-3.5) compared with consumption of < 1/week (p-trend = 0.040). The HR was attenuated by further adjustment for body mass index (HR 1.5 95%CI:0.8-2.8) and abdominal obesity (HR 1.6 95%CI:0.8-3.0). CONCLUSIONS The consumption of soft drinks was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of Mexican adults. Our results further support recommendations to limit soft drinks intake to address the growing diabetes epidemic in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Torres-Ibarra
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Berenice Rivera-Paredez
- Research Center on Policies, Population and Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubí Hernández-López
- Research Center on Policies, Population and Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Canto-Osorio
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luz María Sánchez-Romero
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Nancy López-Olmedo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Romina González-Morales
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Paula Ramírez
- Epidemiological Research and Health Services Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salmerón
- Research Center on Policies, Population and Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Associations of early-life exposure to famine with abdominal fat accumulation are independent of family history of diabetes and physical activity. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:943-950. [PMID: 32873353 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association of early-life exposure to famine with abdominal fat accumulation and function and further evaluate the influence of first-degree family history of diabetes and physical activity on this association. The present work analysed parts of the REACTION study. A total of 3033 women were enrolled. Central obesity was defined as waist circumferences (W) ≥ 85 cm. Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) was used to evaluate visceral adipose distribution and function. Partial correlation analysis showed BMI, W, glycated Hb and CVAI were associated with early-life exposure to famine (both P < 0·05). Logistic regression showed that the risks of overall overweight/obesity and central obesity in fetal, early-childhood, mid-childhood and late-childhood exposed subgroups were increased significantly (all P < 0·05). Compared with the non-exposed group, the BMI, W and CVAI of fetal, early- to late-childhood exposed subgroups were significantly increased both in those with or without first-degree family history of diabetes and in those classified as physically active or inactive, respectively (all P < 0·05). The associations of BMI, W and CVAI with early-life exposure to famine were independent of their associations with first-degree family history of diabetes (all P < 0·01) or physical activity status (all P < 0·001). Early-life exposure to famine contributed to abdominal fat accumulation and dysfunction, which was independent of the influence of genetic background and exercise habits. Physical activity could serve as a supplementary intervention for women with high risk of central obesity.
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Azarova IE, Klyosova EY, Churilin MI, Samgina TA, Konoplya AI, Polonikov AV. Genetic and biochemical investigation of the gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase role in predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus. ECOLOGICAL GENETICS 2020; 18:215-228. [DOI: 10.17816/ecogen16293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background. Imbalance in the system of redox homeostasis is an important link in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase is an antioxidant defense enzyme directly involved in the metabolism of glutathione, an endogenous antioxidant.
The aim of the study was to examine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs38420 (G A), rs4270 (T C), rs6462210 (C T) and rs28679 (G A) in GGCT gene with the risk of developing T2D.
Materials and Methods. The study included 1022 T2D patients and 1064 healthy volunteers. Genotyping of GGCT gene loci was performed using iPLEX technology on a MassARRAY Analyzer 4 genome time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Agena Bioscience).
Results. As a result, we identified for the first time the association of SNP rs4270 in the GGCT gene with the risk of T2D in the Russian population. We have also established genetic and environmental interactions associated with predisposition to the disease: protective effect of gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase gene was observed only in non-smokers under condition of daily consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, whereas in persons with insufficient consumption of plant foods, as well as in all smoking patients protective effect of GGCT was not observed. In patients with T2D, the level of hydrogen peroxide and glutathione monomer was sharply increased compared to the controls. SNP rs4270 was also found to be associated with elevated levels of reduced glutathione in the plasma of type 2 diabetics.
Conclusion. Thus, for the first time it was established that polymorphic locus rs4270 in the GGCT gene is associated with a predisposition to T2D, but its relationship with the disease is modulated by smoking and fresh plant foods consumption.
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Parrillo L, Spinelli R, Longo M, Desiderio A, Mirra P, Nigro C, Fiory F, Hedjazifar S, Mutarelli M, Carissimo A, Formisano P, Miele C, Smith U, Raciti GA, Beguinot F. Altered PTPRD DNA methylation associates with restricted adipogenesis in healthy first-degree relatives of Type 2 diabetes subjects. Epigenomics 2020; 12:873-888. [PMID: 32483983 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: First-degree relatives (FDR) of individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) feature restricted adipogenesis, which render them more vulnerable to T2D. Epigenetics may contribute to these abnormalities. Methods: FDR pre-adipocyte Methylome and Transcriptome were investigated by MeDIP- and RNA-Seq, respectively. Results: Methylome analysis revealed 2841 differentially methylated regions (DMR) in FDR. Most DMR localized into gene-body and were hypomethylated. The strongest hypomethylation signal was identified in an intronic-DMR at the PTPRD gene. PTPRD hypomethylation in FDR was confirmed by bisulphite sequencing and was responsible for its upregulation. Interestingly, Ptprd-overexpression in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes inhibited adipogenesis. Notably, the validated PTPRD-associated DMR was significantly hypomethylated in peripheral blood leukocytes from the same FDR individuals. Finally, PTPRD methylation pattern was also replicated in obese individuals. Conclusion: Our findings indicated a previously unrecognized role of PTPRD in restraining adipogenesis. This abnormality may contribute to increase FDR proclivity toward T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Parrillo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Rosa Spinelli
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Michele Longo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Antonella Desiderio
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Paola Mirra
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Cecilia Nigro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Francesca Fiory
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Shahram Hedjazifar
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41345, Sweden
| | | | | | - Pietro Formisano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Ulf Smith
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41345, Sweden
| | - Gregory Alexander Raciti
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR & Department of Translational Medicine - Federico II University of Naples, 80131, Italy
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Xu Y, Shen Y, Ma X, Gu C, Wang Y, Bao Y. First-degree family history of diabetes and its relationship with serum osteocalcin levels independent of liver fat content in a non-diabetic Chinese cohort. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1628. [PMID: 31795988 PMCID: PMC6892230 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-degree relatives of patients with diabetes (FDR) tend to have impaired insulin activity, which lead to the alternation of circulating cytokine levels. Liver is a main target tissue of insulin action; therefore, liver fat content (LFC) has a close relationship with insulin resistance. This study aimed to find the alteration in serum osteocalcin levels in FDR and the relationship of serum osteocalcin levels with FDR and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS In total, 1206 subjects including 413 men and 793 women from the communities, aged 59.7 (range, 54.8-64.3) years, were enrolled. An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was performed to measure the levels of serum osteocalcin. LFC was measured using quantitative ultrasonography. RESULTS A significant decrease was found in serum osteocalcin levels in subjects with NAFLD (P < 0.001) as well as in FDR (19.8 ± 5.7 ng/mL versus 20.7 ± 6.8 ng/mL, P = 0.028). Furthermore, among the subjects with NAFLD, those with FDR had lower levels of osteocalcin than those without FDR (P = 0.011). The presence of FDR remained a predictor for decreased serum osteocalcin levels after adjusting for body mass index, blood glucose, blood lipids, and LFC (standardized β = - 0.057, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS FDR had lower serum osteocalcin levels than non-FDR. The inverse association between FDR and serum osteocalcin levels was independent of metabolic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yun Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | | | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Yang L, Hu X, Zhang H, Pan W, Yu W, Gu X. Association of bone mineral density with a first-degree family history of diabetes in normoglycemic postmenopausal women. Menopause 2019; 26:1284-1288. [PMID: 31688576 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A first-degree family history of diabetes (FHD) contributes to increased risks of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Bone is an insulin-resistant site and an organ susceptible to microvascular complications. The goal of the present study was to investigate the association of FHD with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. METHODS In all, 892 normoglycemic postmenopausal women were divided into subgroups of participants with or without a first-degree FHD. BMD was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Fasting plasma insulin and glucose levels were measured, and insulin resistance was evaluated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index. RESULTS The BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were much higher in the participants with a first-degree FHD than in those without an FHD (all P < 0.05). Lumbar spine BMD and femoral neck BMD were both positively associated with HOMA-IR (P = 0.041 and P = 0.005, respectively). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that a first-degree FHD was an independent factor that was positively associated with lumbar spine BMD (standardized β = 0.111, P = 0.001) and femoral neck BMD (standardized β = 0.078, P = 0.021). A first-degree FHD was associated with increased BMD, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that normoglycemic postmenopausal women with a first-degree FHD exhibit increased BMD with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. A first-degree FHD was an independent factor associated with elevated BMD in Chinese women after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Hu X, Yu W, Yang L, Pan W, Si Q, Chen X, Li Q, Gu X. Inverse association between physical activity and blood glucose is independent of sex, menopause status and first-degree family history of diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 10:1502-1509. [PMID: 31012524 PMCID: PMC6825942 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Exercise training is a recognized strategy central to the prevention, treatment, and management of diabetes and prediabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between physical activity and blood glucose, as well as the influence of sex, menopause status and family history of diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants with normal weight were selected from Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals: A Longitudinal Study, and divided into inactive (moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity [MVPA] <30 min/week), low-degree (MVPA ≥30 and ≤420 min/week) and high-degree (MVPA >420 min/week) activity groups. RESULTS A total of 2,601 individuals with an average age of 57.85 ± 8.39 years were enrolled. Multivariate anova uncovered that after adjustment for sex and menopause status, and family history of diabetes, respectively, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c decreased through inactive, low-degree and high-degree activity groups (all P for trend <0.05). The association of blood glucose indexes with physical activity was independent of this association with sex and menopause status, and first-degree family history of diabetes, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that MVPA was an independent factor associated negatively with fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c, respectively (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS A higher degree of physical activity was associated with lower blood glucose regardless of sex, menopause status and first-degree family history of diabetes. MVPA is a negative factor associated with blood glucose independently. Physical activity of adequate duration and intensity is strongly recommended to individuals with susceptibility to diabetes as a result of sex and family history, but without overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Weihui Yu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qiya Si
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
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Su Y, Feng Z, He Y, Hong L, Liu G, Li T, Yin Y. Monosodium L-glutamate and fats change free fatty acid concentrations in intestinal contents and affect free fatty acid receptors express profile in growing pigs. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:1444. [PMID: 31360149 PMCID: PMC6642617 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and its related metabolic syndrome continue to be major public health problems. Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) may cause metabolic diseases such as obesity. Meanwhile, the Chinese population has undergone rapid transition to a high-fat diet. There is little information available on the effect of MSG and fat alone, or in combination, on free fatty acids (FFAs), lipid metabolism and FFA receptors. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of MSG and fat alone, or in combination, on intestinal luminal FFAs and expression of gastrointestinal FFA receptors. The aim was also to test whether dietary fat and/or MSG could affect expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism. DESIGN A total of 32 growing pigs were used and fed with four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets. Pigs in the four treatments received diets with one of two fat concentrations levels (4.4 and 9.4%) and one of two MSG dose levels (0 and 3%), in which most of the fat were brought by soybean oil. The concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in cecum and colon, long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in ileum, cecum and colon, and FFAs receptors expression in hypothalamus and gastrointestinal tract were determined. RESULTS MSG and/or fat changed intestinal luminal SCFAs, levels of LCFAs, and showed an antagonistic effect on most of LCFAs. Simultaneously, MSG and/or fat decreased the expression of FFA receptors in hypothalamus and gastrointestinal tract. MSG and/or fat promoted fat deposition through different ways in back fat. CONCLUSION Our results support that MSG and/or fat can alter intestinal luminal FFAs composition and concentration, especially LCFAs, in addition, the expression of FFA receptors in ileum and hypothalamus could be decreased. Moreover, MSG and/or fat can promote protein deposition in back fat, and affect the distribution and metabolism of fatty acids in the body tissues and the body's ability to perceive fatty acids; these results provide a reference for the occurrence of fat deposition and obesity caused by high-fat and monosodium glutamate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Su
- Hunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zemeng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha, China
| | - Yumin He
- Hunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Lingling Hong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha, China
- Guangdong Wangda Group Academician Workstation for Clean Feed Technology Research and Development in Swine, Guangdong Wangda Group Co., Ltd, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan international joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China
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Gustafson B, Nerstedt A, Smith U. Reduced subcutaneous adipogenesis in human hypertrophic obesity is linked to senescent precursor cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2757. [PMID: 31227697 PMCID: PMC6588633 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate expansion of the adipose cells in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is a characteristic of hypertrophic obesity and of individuals with genetic predisposition for T2D (first-degree relatives; FDR). It is associated with insulin resistance, a dysfunctional, adipose tissue and reduced adipogenesis. We examined the regulation of adipogenesis in human SAT precursor cells and found ZNF521 to be a critical regulator of early adipogenic commitment and precursor cells leaving the cell cycle. However, neither altered upstream signalling nor lack of SAT progenitor cells could explain the reduced adipogenesis in hypertrophic obesity. Instead, we show that progenitor cells undergoing poor differentiation are characterized by senescence, inability to suppress p53/P16INK4 and secretion of factors reducing adipogenesis in non-senescent cells. We found aging, FDR and established T2D to be associated with increased progenitor cell senescence, reduced adipogenesis and hypertrophic expansion of the SAT adipose cells. Adipose tissue hypertrophy in obesity is associated with insulin resistance and other metabolic complications. Here, the authors analyze subcutaneous adipose tissue from patients with hypertrophic obesity and insulin resistance and find that adipocyte progenitor cells show features of senescence and have poor differentiation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Gustafson
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE41345, Sweden
| | - Annika Nerstedt
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE41345, Sweden
| | - Ulf Smith
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE41345, Sweden.
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Hu X, Yu W, Yang L, Pan W, Si Q, Chen X, Li Q, Gu X. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FIRST-DEGREE FAMILY HISTORY OF DIABETES AND METABOLIC SYNDROME. Endocr Pract 2019; 25:678-683. [PMID: 30865527 DOI: 10.4158/ep-2018-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Because they share genetic and environmental factors with patients with diabetes, the first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with diabetes exhibit early signs of metabolic abnormalities. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between family history of diabetes in FDRs and metabolic syndrome (MS), as well as changes in related risk factors. Methods: The present study population was a part of the baseline survey from the REACTION study. FDRs were defined as individuals having one or more FDRs with diabetes. MS and its components were defined according to the 2007 Joint Committee for Developing Chinese Guidelines. Results: A total of 2,692 individuals with an average age of 57.24 ± 8.35 years were enrolled in the present study. The prevalence of MS in FDRs (36.44%) was significantly higher than that in non-FDRs (25.28%; P<.001). FDRs accounted for 13.37%, 14.32%, 16.67%, 22.47%, 23.53%, and 25.58% of subjects with 0 to 5 MS components, showing an increasing trend (P for trend <.001). After adjusting for gender and age, partial correlation analyses showed significant associations of first-degree family history of diabetes with MS-related indexes (all P<.05). After adjusting for gender, age, lifestyle habits, and total metabolic traits, the first-degree family history of diabetes remained an independent factor that was positively associated with MS (odds ratio, 1.765; P<.001). Conclusion: A first-degree family history of diabetes predisposes individuals to developing MS and stands out as an independent risk factor for MS even without considering the subsequent effects of hyperglycemia. Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; FDR = first-degree relative; FPG = fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL-c = high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c = low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; MAP = mean arterial pressure; MS = metabolic syndrome; OR = odds ratio; SBP = systolic blood pressure; TC = total cholesterol; TG = triglyceride; WC = waist circumference; WHR = waist-to-hip ratio; 2hPG = 2-hour plasma glucose.
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Purnamasari D, Aulia R, Abdaly MS, Hazim A. Hypercholesterolemia as the first manifestation of metabolic abnormalities in normoglycemic young adult male with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:969-974. [PMID: 31336553 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies reported high number of metabolic disorder among First Degree Relatives (FDR) of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), only a few studies analyzed the impact of gender on the occurence of metabolic abnormalities. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the first manifestation of metabolic abnormalities in normoglycemic FDR of T2DM. METHODS AND MATERIALS This cross-sectional study recruited 60 FDR of T2DM age of 19-39 years old in Jakarta, Indonesia. We matched 60 non-FDR as controls. All participants had neither glucose intolerance nor hypertension. Anthropometry, body composition and laboratory measurements (blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, liver and kidney function test) were assessed. RESULTS In males, FDR aged 30-39 years old had higher Total Cholesterol (TC) level ([233 ± 51.43 mg/dL vs. 177.83 ± 22.08 mg/dL, p = 0.036] and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) level [173.83 ± 39.83 mg/dL vs. 125.67 ± 21.50 mg/dL, p = 0.026] than those of non-FDR significantly. FDR also had higher risk of hypercholesterolemia than non-FDR [OR 5.25 (1.09-25.21)]. There were no differences of metabolic abnormalities between female FDR and non-FDR group. CONCLUSION Male FDR of T2DM showed higher level of TC and LDL-C level than those of non FDR. Male FDR also showed higher risk of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyah Purnamasari
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia.
| | - Rezky Aulia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Syah Abdaly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Hazim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia
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Hazim A, Purnamasari D, Kalista KF, Lesmana CRA, Nugroho P. The influence of insulin resistance in the occurence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among first degree relatives of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1431-1435. [PMID: 31336502 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First degree relatives (FDR) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) predisposes individuals to have earlier metabolic and vascular disorders independent of insulin resistance (IR) such as thicker carotid intima media thickness than that of non-FDR. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most commonly found chronic liver disease in T2DM which is IR dependent. Studies about NAFLD in FDR of T2DM populations are very limited and inconclusive. It is unclear whether the occurrence of NAFLD in FDR of T2DM is IR dependent or due to genetic vulnerability. AIMS The aim of this study is to determine the association between NAFLD and FDR of T2DM. METHOD AND MATERIALS A total of 118 young adults (19-39 years old) with normal glucose tolerance (59 FDR of T2DM and age-sex matched 59 non-FDR subjects) were included in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measurement and routine laboratory analysis (fasting blood glucose/FBG, HbA1c, lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST)) were examined. Fatty liver was diagnosed by ultrasonography (US) using standard criteria. RESULTS Twenty-six (22,03%) subjects with NAFLD were detected by ultrasound with similar proportion for each group. Low HDL-C level and metabolic syndrome were found higher in FDR group (p = 0.004, OR 3.81, CI95 = 1.47-9,91; p = 0.023, OR 4.28, CI95 = 1.13-16.23). Based on logistic regression analysis, central obesity and obesity had statistically significant influence towards NAFLD. CONCLUSION The occurrence of NAFLD in FDR of T2DM was influenced by IR (central obesity and obesity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hazim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia
| | - Dyah Purnamasari
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia.
| | - Kemal F Kalista
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia
| | - C Rinaldi A Lesmana
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia
| | - Pringgodigdo Nugroho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Indonesia
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Hammarstedt A, Gogg S, Hedjazifar S, Nerstedt A, Smith U. Impaired Adipogenesis and Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue in Human Hypertrophic Obesity. Physiol Rev 2019; 98:1911-1941. [PMID: 30067159 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00034.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is the largest and best storage site for excess lipids. However, it has a limited ability to expand by recruiting and/or differentiating available precursor cells. When inadequate, this leads to a hypertrophic expansion of the cells with increased inflammation, insulin resistance, and a dysfunctional prolipolytic tissue. Epi-/genetic factors regulate SAT adipogenesis and genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes is associated with markers of an impaired SAT adipogenesis and development of hypertrophic obesity also in nonobese individuals. We here review mechanisms for the adipose precursor cells to enter adipogenesis, emphasizing the role of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and its endogenous antagonist gremlin-1, which is increased in hypertrophic SAT in humans. Gremlin-1 is a secreted and a likely important mechanism for the impaired SAT adipogenesis in hypertrophic obesity. Transiently increasing BMP-4 enhances adipogenic commitment of the precursor cells while maintained BMP-4 signaling during differentiation induces a beige/brown oxidative phenotype in both human and murine adipose cells. Adipose tissue growth and development also requires increased angiogenesis, and BMP-4, as a proangiogenic molecule, may also be an important feedback regulator of this. Hypertrophic obesity is also associated with increased lipolysis. Reduced lipid storage and increased release of FFA by hypertrophic SAT are important mechanisms for the accumulation of ectopic fat in the liver and other places promoting insulin resistance. Taken together, the limited expansion and storage capacity of SAT is a major driver of the obesity-associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hammarstedt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Silvia Gogg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Shahram Hedjazifar
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Annika Nerstedt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Ulf Smith
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
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Kumar V, Encinosa W, Thakur K, Thakur H. Just Living With Obese Family Members Increases Your Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Clin Diabetes 2018; 36:305-311. [PMID: 30364073 PMCID: PMC6187961 DOI: 10.2337/cd17-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
IN BRIEF In this new era of accountable care and population health, large provider organizations are looking for new ways to predict diseases in their population, especially for people with diabetes. Although diabetes has been associated with the incidence of obesity, many diabetes patients are not obese. However, we find that just living in a household with one or more obese biologically related family members is a major risk factor for diabetes, even after accounting for all the other traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William Encinosa
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | | | - Hena Thakur
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
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Hu X, Xiong Q, Xu Y, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Ma X, Bao Y. Contribution of maternal diabetes to visceral fat accumulation in offspring. Obes Res Clin Pract 2018; 12:426-431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Romero-Ibarguengoitia ME, Vadillo-Ortega F, Caballero AE, Ibarra-González I, Herrera-Rosas A, Serratos-Canales MF, León-Hernández M, González-Chávez A, Mummidi S, Duggirala R, López-Alvarenga JC. Family history and obesity in youth, their effect on acylcarnitine/aminoacids metabolomics and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Structural equation modeling approach. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193138. [PMID: 29466466 PMCID: PMC5821462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural equation modeling (SEM) can help understanding complex functional relationships among obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), family history of obesity, targeted metabolomics and pro-inflammatory markers. We tested two hypotheses: 1) If obesity precedes an excess of free fatty acids that increase oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, there would be an increase of serum acylcarnitines, amino acids and cytokines in obese subjects. Acylcarnitines would be related to non-alcoholic fatty disease that will induce insulin resistance. 2) If a positive family history of obesity and type 2 diabetes are the major determinants of the metabolomic profile, there would be higher concentration of amino acids and acylcarnitines in patients with this background that will induce obesity and NAFLD which in turn will induce insulin resistance. METHODS/RESULTS 137 normoglycemic subjects, mean age (SD) of 30.61 (8.6) years divided in three groups: BMI<25 with absence of NAFLD (G1), n = 82; BMI>30 with absence of NAFLD (G2), n = 24; and BMI>30 with NAFLD (G3), n = 31. Family history of obesity (any) was present in 53%. Both models were adjusted in SEM. Family history of obesity predicted obesity but could not predict acylcarnitines and amino acid concentrations (effect size <0.2), but did predict obesity phenotype. CONCLUSION Family history of obesity is the major predictor of obesity, and the metabolic abnormalities on amino acids, acylcarnitines, inflammation, insulin resistance, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
- Vinculation Unit Faculty of Medicine UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Srinivas Mummidi
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States of America
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States of America
| | - Juan Carlos López-Alvarenga
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States of America
- Research department, Universidad Mexico Americana del Norte, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
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Hu X, He X, Ma X, Su H, Ying L, Peng J, Wang Y, Bao Y, Zhou J, Jia W. A decrease in serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels is associated with the presence of a first-degree family history of diabetes in a Chinese population with normal glucose tolerance. Diabet Med 2018; 35:131-136. [PMID: 29057494 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate alterations in HbA1c , glycated albumin (GA) and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in Chinese first-degree relatives of individuals with diabetes (FDR) in pursuit of an index for early screening of glucose metabolism disturbance. METHODS A total of 467 participants (age range: 20-78 years) with normal weight and normal glucose tolerance, as determined by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, were enrolled. HbA1c was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum GA and 1,5-AG levels were determined by enzymatic methods. Serum insulin levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS The study population included 208 FDR and 259 non-FDR. Serum 1,5-AG levels were lower in FDR than that in non-FDR (20.4 ± 7.5 vs 23.8 ± 8.3 μg/ml, P < 0.001), but HbA1c and GA levels did not differ between them (P = 0.835 and 0.469, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed an independent relationship between a first-degree family history of diabetes and reduced serum 1,5-AG levels (odds ratio = 0.944, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that a first-degree family history of diabetes (β = -3.041, P < 0.001) and insulinogenic index (β = 0.081, P = 0.001) were independently associated with serum 1,5-AG levels. CONCLUSION In a Chinese population with normal glucose tolerance, serum 1,5-AG levels were lower among FDR, and serum 1,5-AG levels were independently associated with FDR status. For FDR, serum 1,5-AG levels were more sensitive than HbA1c or GA levels to early-phase abnormality in glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - X He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - X Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - H Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - L Ying
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - J Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
| | - W Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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Caton PW, Evans EA, Philpott MP, Hannen RF. Can the skin make you fat? A role for the skin in regulating adipose tissue function and whole-body glucose and lipid homeostasis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2017; 37:59-64. [PMID: 28985599 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of obesity and related complications such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased dramatically in recent decades. Metabolic complications of obesity arise in part due to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) dysfunction. However, it is currently unclear why some obese individuals develop insulin resistance and T2D and others do not. In this review, we discuss the role of the skin in regulating SAT function, and whether presence of inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis represent a novel risk mechanism mediating development of obesity-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Caton
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 91UL, UK.
| | - Elizabeth A Evans
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 91UL, UK
| | - Michael P Philpott
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Rosalind F Hannen
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
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Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol when used with fasting plasma glucose improves the efficiency of diabetes screening in a Chinese population. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11968. [PMID: 28931928 PMCID: PMC5607288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) levels can not only accurately reflect the mean blood glucose over the previous 1–2 weeks in diabetic patients but also offers the advantage of representing postprandial glucose. To evaluate the clinical significance of 1,5-AG in diabetes detection, especially when used in combination with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), a total of 3098 participants at high risk for diabetes (1467 men, 1631 women) were enrolled. A total of 1471 (47.5%) participants were diagnosed with diabetes, and the mean 1,5-AG level in the diabetic group was significantly lower than that in non-diabetic group [12.5 (7.8–17.5) μg/mL vs. 20.5 (15.3–26.4) μg/mL, P < 0.001]. The optimal cut-off point was 15.9 μg/mL, for which the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were 69.2%, 72.3%, and 0.781, respectively. For the combination of FPG and 1,5-AG, the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC improved to 82.5%, 83.5%, and 0.912, respectively. This method helped 75.8% of the participants avoid an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), reducing the need to carry out the OGTT by 43.9% compared to the use of the FPG criterion only. In conclusion, the addition of FPG to serum 1,5-AG improves the efficiency of diabetes screening in the Chinese population.
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